Falangism: Difference between revisions

Falangism places a strong emphasis on the Roman Catholic religious identity of Spain. However, it has held some secular views on the Catholic Church's direct influence on Spanish society,since one of the tenets of the Falangist ideology holds that the state should have the supreme authority over the nation. Falangism emphasizes the need for total authority, hierarchy, and order in society. Like fascism, Falangism is anti-communist, anti-democratic, and anti-liberal.

The Falange's original manifesto, the "Twenty-Seven Point Program of the Falange", declared Falangism to support the unity of Spain and the elimination of regional separatism, the establishment of a dictatorship led by the Falange, using political violence as a means to regenerate Spain, and promoting the revival and development of the Spanish Empire, all attributes that it had in common with fascism. The manifesto also called for a national syndicalist economy and advocated agrarian reforms, industrial expansion, and situational respect for private property with the exception of nationalizing credit facilities to prevent usury.

The Spanish Falange and its affiliates in Hispanic states around the world promoted a form of pan-Hispanism known as ''Hispanidad'' that advocated both the cultural and economic union of Hispanic societies around the world. This is similar to other pan-nationalist movements.

Falangism has attacked both the political left and the right as its "enemies", declaring itself to be neither left nor right, but a syncretic third position.

Some of the Falangists in Spain had supported racialism and racialist policies, viewing races as real and existing with differing strengths, weaknesses and accompanying cultures inextricably obtained with them. However, unlike other racialists such as the Nazis, Falangism is unconcerned about racial purity and does not denounce other races for being inferior, claiming "that every race has a particular cultural significance" and claiming that the intermixing of the Spanish race and other races has produced a "Hispanic supercaste" that is "ethically improved, morally robust, spiritually vigorous"<ref>Roger Griffin (ed). ''Fascism''. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 1995. p. 190.</ref>. It was less concerned about biological Spanish racial regeneration than it was in advocating the necessity of Spanish Catholic spiritual regeneration.[18] Some have nonetheless promoted eugenics designed to eliminate physical and psychological damage caused by pathogenic agents. Falangism did and still does support natal policies to stimulate increased fertility rate among ideal physically and morally fit citizens. The section in Spanish Guinea allowed Emancipados into its ranks. In 1938 in Santa Isabel, Fernando Póo, now Malabo, Equatorial Guinea, there were two units of native Falangists and four of Europeans. In 1959, the Female Section extended its teaching to Guinean women to prepare them for independence.

==== Hispanidad ====

The Spanish Falange and its Hispanic affiliates have promoted the cultural, economic and racial unity of Hispanic peoples around the world in "hispanidad".[10] It has sought to unite Hispanic peoples through proposals to create a commonwealth or federation of Spanish-speaking states headed by Spain. This is a precursor to Alexander Dugin's concept of Dasein but within a spanish perspective.

'''Gemayelism''' is an economically centre-right and culturally far-right ideology based on the views of former Lebanese president, Lebanese Forces founder and former leader of the [[File:Kataeb.png]] Phalanges Bachir Gemayel.

'''Geageaism''' is based on the political ideology of the current leader of the Lebanese Forces, Samir Geagea.

Despite being placed on the Falangism page this ideology has little to do with the ideology of jose antonio or the falange in general. The group was primarily a christian paramilitary group that wanted to emulate the aesthetics of fascism. One of the main discrepencies between falangism and the lebanese was their view on economic liberalism where the lebanese stated the following: [https://countrystudies.us/lebanon/85.htm "The Phalange Party motto is "God, the Fatherland, and the Family," and its doctrine emphasizes a free economy and private initiative. Phalangist ideology focuses on the primacy of preserving the Lebanese nation, but with a "Phoenician" identity, distinct from its Arab, Muslim neighbors. Party policies have been uniformly anticommunist and [[File:AntiPalestine.png]] anti-Palestinian and have allowed no place for pan-Arab ideals."] The beliefs of the Lebanese Kataeb align more with national conservatism because of their lack of syndicalist rhetoric, their focus on national sovereignty, their privatization free economy rhetoric, and their alignment to western states like Israel.