Marxism–Leninism: Difference between revisions

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*[[File:NeoComBall.png]] '''Eastern Europe''' {{Collapse|

**[[File:JosipBrozTito.png]] [[Titoism|Josip Broz Tito]] (1891-1980) [[File:Cball-Yugoslavia.png]] Yugoslavia

**[[File:Bierut.png]] [[Totalitarianism|Bolesław Bierut]] (1892-1956) [[File:Cball-PRPoland.png]] Poland

**[[File:Marxfem.png]] [[Marxist Feminism|Ana Pauker]] (1893-1960) [[File:Cball-SRRomania.png]] Romania

**[[File:Gottwald2.png]] [[Totalitarianism|Klement Gottwald]] (1896-1953) [[File:Cball-Czechia.png]] Czechoslovakia

**[[File:Gheorghiu-Dej.png]] [[Totalitarianism|Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej]] (1901-1965) [[File:Cball-SRRomania.png]] Romania

**[[File:Gomułka.png]] [[National Communism|Władysław Gomułka]] (1905-1982) [[File:Cball-PRPoland.png]] Poland

Stalin didn’t believe that the [[File:Nazi.png]] [[Nazism|Nazis]] would honor the treaty, and Stalin believed they would invade. But he left the Red Army unprepared when the invasion happened the USSR suffered heavy casualties in the early stage of the war. In 1941, Nazi Germany broke the nonaggression pact, invading the USSR. However, Nazi Germany’s forces underestimated the harsh weather conditions in the winter of the Soviet Union, therefore giving the red army the upper hand. After long and harsh conditions in battles such as [[w:Battle of Stalingrad|the Battle of Stalingrad]] and the [[w:Battle of Moscow|Battle of Moscow]], the Soviet Union managed to push back. During the war, the [[w:Population transfer in the Soviet Union|USSR transported different ethnic groups around the USSR]]. Per official reason, this decision was to suppress the revolts and alleged Nazi collaborationism of these ethnicities. However, this decision is condemned by scholars as genocide and ethnic cleansing and 800k to 1.5 million died in the process. This population transfer can be traced back to the 1930s, and it continued in 1949, after the war ended. The USSR joined the allies and began to push the Germans out of the USSR and Eastern Europe, with help from [[File:Antifash2.png]] [[Anti-Fascism|anti-fascist partisans]] of the continent. Finally, in 1945, the USSR, with support from other allied members, such as [[File:FDRismF.png]] [[w:Lend-Lease|FDR’s lend lease to the USSR]], managed to push the nazis to Berlin, leading to Hitler's suicide and the end of the war. The USSR's participation and the victories of the Battle of Stalingrad and the Battle of Moscow are generally considered a major turning point in WW2.

 

 

Stalin died in 1953 and his successor started to gradually move away from his influence. [[File:Khrusch.png]] [[Khrushchevism|Nikita Khrushchev]] gave a secret speech in 1956, marking the first wave of [[w:De-Stalinization|De-Stalinization]] and denounced Stalin’s cult of personality. Though the influence of Stalinist policies and practices on Soviet politics would not diminish before the second wave of De-Stalinization, carried by the reformist-minded [[File:Gorb.png]] [[Liberal Socialism|General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev]].

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<blockquote>''Main Article: [[File:Natcom.png]] [[National Communism]]''</blockquote>

Marxism-Leninism in Bulgaria started in 1946 with Todor Zhivkov being the leader from 1954 to 1989.