Peronism: Difference between revisions

===Perón's second term (1952-1955)===

In 1953, the measures of the "''Plan de Emergencia Económica''" were expanded and formalized with the [[File:Industrial.png]] [[Industrialism|"''Segundo Plan Quinquenal''"]] (Second Five-Year Plan), which maintained the orthodox measures but accompanied them with some [[File:RegCap.png]] [[Regulationism|interventionist]] ones, such as the price agreement, a tenacious opposition to speculators and government incentives for the development of the agricultural sector. The stabilization plan began to bear fruit and objectives such as lowering inflation were quickly achieved.

Real wages, however, never increased, and multiple sectors of the economy were affected, earning Perón multiple labor strikes and an increasingly strained relationship with the [[File:Strato.png]] [[Stratocracy|militar opposition]], which responded violently to the disappearances of oppositors of the government and the devotion that began to take shape around the figure of Perón and his wife, which used to be manifestated through acts commonly denoted as [[File:Cultofpersonality.png]] [[Cultism#Cult_of_Personality|"social indoctrination techniques"]]. These signs of wanting to "Peronize" society (forcing public employees to join the PJ, establishing the reading of books such as La razón de mi vida as mandatory in schools and provincializing la Pampa and Chaco as "Provincia Eva Perón" and "Provincia Presidente Perón", etc) would lead to terrorist acts by [[File:Anti-Peronism.png]] anti-Peronists such as the Plaza de Mayo Attack on April 15, 1953, to which Peronist civil groups would respond by burning the headquarters of opposition political parties.

===Overthrow, Peronist Resistance/Neoperonism (1955 to 1973) and split in the movement===

*Fiscal balance to ensure a low fiscal and trade deficit ([https://www.infobae.com/2015/10/23/1763996-la-pesada-herencia-economica-que-deja-cristina-kirchner-pbi-estancado-mas-deuda-y-menos-reservas/ at least in theory]);

*Maintenance of the exchange rate at high levels to favor competition and exports;

*[[File:Anti-Americanism.png]] Regional alignment and rejection of free trade agreements with the United States [[File:Antiwest.png]];

*[[File:Prog-u.png]] Gender and sexuality policies (although Kirchnerism was always ambivalent regarding abortion, with a sharp rejection by Néstor Kirchner and an ambiguity by Cristina Kirchner that was only broken with the approval of the Voluntary Interruption of Pregnancy Law in 2020, in the Fernández's government);

*[[File:Socjust.png]] [[Progressivism#Social_Justice|Social justice]] and a tendency to appeal to [[File:Lpop.png]] [[Left-Wing Populism|left-wing populism]].

*[[File:Keynes-Friedman.png]] Partial adherence to the economic measures proposed in the [[File:WashingtonConsensus.png]] [[Neoliberalism|Washington Consensus]];

*[[File:Globcap.png]] Trade opening, tariff reduction and economic globalization;

*[[File:Econlib.png]] Deregulation of the economy and price freedom;

*[[File:Nalib.png]] A theoretical {{PCBA|Anti-Imperialism|"anti-imperialism"}} (with [[File:Atlanticism.png]] pro-western positions anyway) and a [[File:Conservative.png]] subtle conservatism;

With Rapanelli in charge, the Menemist government partially adheres to the measures outlined by [[File:Neoliberal-icon.png]] [[Neoliberalism|John Williamson]] in the [[File:WashingtonConsensus.png]] [[Neoliberalism|Washington Consensus]], achieving the unblocking of [[File:IMF.png]] World Bank credits and managing to convince the entity to support the privatization of several state companies under the State Reform Law, approved in August 1989. The first privatizations were those of the telephone company Entel (with which the Argentine telephone service was modernized, increasing its popularity) and ''Aerolíneas Argentinas'' (Argentinian Airlines), followed by the road network, [[File:Mediastocracy_flair.png]] television channels (except ATC), most of the railway networks and ''Gas del Estado'' (State Gas). Despite the economic income provided by privatizations, a second hyperinflationary cycle could not be avoided, causing Rapanelli to be replaced by [[File:RightPeronism.png]] [[Christian Democracy|Antonio Erman González]] [[File:Cdem.png]]. He, faced with a huge internal debt due to the discriminated issuance of public securities with high interest rates and non-payment to suppliers and longing to control the rise in prices, would be the architect of the economic shock program [[File:Monet.png]] [[Monetarism|''Plan Bonex'']] ''(BONos EXternos)'' (Bonex Plan) (External Bonds). This price stabilization plan would consist of exchanging all fixed terms (temporary deposit of money in the bank, which it then returns plus the interest generated) for state dollar bonds called "Bonex 89", which matured in 1999, also prohibiting banks from temporarily receiving time deposits. Minister Erman, in his homonymous resolutions (Erman I, Erman II, etc) took multiple measures to accompany this process, liberalizing the exchange market, reducing monetary issuance, public spending and state personnel (suspending tenders, expenses and hiring), shrinking the state administrative apparatus, etc. The impact on Argentines with a fixed term was sharp and caused a general distrust in the people, who would begin to disbelieve in bank savings, as a prelude to the ''Corralito'' in 2001. Even so, inflation decreased and was contained, and a surplus was reached in the trade balance.

After the re-election of Menem in 1995 with [[File:RightPeronism.png]] [[Christian Democracy|Carlos Ruckauf]] as vice president, Cavallo would continue as head of the Ministry of Economy, facing the consequences of the Tequila Effect with high unemployment and underemployment rates, a deindustrialized economy (situation that would be aggravated after he authorized an increase in the internal VAT of 16% to 21%) and other factors that led to the government taking external debt.

===[[File:SyndPron.png]] Syndicalist Peronism===

It finds its roots in the [[File:ArgNatLab.png]] [[National Syndicalism|nationalist-laborist]] expression (to which union leaders such as [[File:Soc-h.png]] [[Socialism|Alcides Montiel]], [[File:Soc-h.png]] [[Socialism|Lucio Bonilla]], [[File:Trot.png]] [[Trotskyism|Cipriano Reyes]] and [[File:Soc-h.png]] [[Socialism|Ángel Perelman]] joined) that preceded Peronism and in the alliance that the unified CGT (after the intervention and dissolution of the CGT No. 2 for supporting communist ideals considered "extreme") sought with the pro-union sectors of the military government of the Revolution of '43, and has been substantial for the birth, maintenance and general structure of the movement; being mostly represented by the modern [[File:SyndPron.png]] [[Syndicalism|CGT]].

===[[File:LibertarianPeronism.png]] Libertarian Peronism [[File:LeftBertPron.png]]===

==Personality==

*[[File:Socdem.png]] [[Social Democracy]] - I like labor parties, though they seem to be very mild when compared to me.

*[[File:Patcon.png]] [[Paternalistic Conservatism]] - I liked the Tories back when they actually cared about the common man.

*[[File:SocialEconomy.png]] {{PCBA|Social Economy}} - Well, yes, I practice a social economy, but I didn't mean this either.

*[[File:Cap.png]] [[Capitalism]] - I don't despise you, but you have to be really well-controlled by powerful unions, labor laws, tariffs, etc... and pay lots of taxes.