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*[[File:Bonaparte.png]] [[Bonapartism]]: Often considered the precursor of fascism due to his extensive use of the military and for being literally an [[File:Auto.png]] [[Autocracy]].
*[[File:Sparta.png]] [[Diarchy|Spartanism]] - Sometimes considered another ancient proto-fascism or Nazism for its extreme militarization, eugenics and alleged totalitarianism.
*[[File:Res Publica.png]] [[Roman Republicanism]] & [[File:Caesar.png]] [[Caesarism]] - With its warrior, spiritual and imperialist values, ancient Rome was much admired by classical fascism and also taken as a model by factions of Nazism, some of which considered the Romans as superior Nordic-Germanic people that, by emigrating to the south, gave life to the Aryan-Mediterranean race (idea also promoted by some Italians). Authoritarian strongman such as Julius Caesar and Augustus were particularly exalted in Mussolini's Italy.▼
*[[File:Platon.png]] [[Noocracy|Platonism]] - Plato's republic is often accused of extreme authoritarianism, collectivism and emphasis on hierarchy and the liberal philosopher Karl Popper has often accused the Athenian philosopher of being the reference of closed societies and the precursor of the modern Hegelian totalitarianism of both nazi-fascist and communist regimes.
▲*[[File:Res Publica.png]] [[Roman Republicanism]] & [[File:Caesar.png]] [[Caesarism]] - With its warrior, spiritual and imperialist values, ancient Rome was much admired by classical fascism and also taken as a model by factions of Nazism, some of which considered the Romans as superior Nordic-Germanic people that, by emigrating to the south, gave life to the Aryan-Mediterranean race (idea also promoted by some Italians). Authoritarian strongman such as Julius Caesar and Augustus were particularly exalted in Mussolini's Italy.
*[[File:Superfash.png]] [[Esoteric Fascism|Superfascism]] - An esoteric traditionalist philosophy developed by the Italian philosopher Julius Evola, superfascism claims to transcend classical fascism in its modernist and demagogic-socialist aspects but is nevertheless very close to fascism in its spiritual racism and its reactionary admiration for the elitarian aristocracy of pre-liberal and pre-enlightenment anti-materialist societies.
*[[File:Nazi.png]] [[Nazism]]: Ideology of Nazi Germany which was influenced by Fascism, and shared close ties with the Fascist Italy
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