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Anarcho-Indépendantisme (French)
Anarkour-Dizalc'
Anarcoindependantisme (Occitan)
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The history of independence anarchism in the Catalan Countries (territories where the Catalan language is spoken) can be traced back to the 19th century. As the Catalan [[File:Awaj.png]] anarchist-oriented worker movement and the revindicative national liberation movement became ever so tied together, mostly due to their mutual belief in [[File:Fed.png]] [[federalism]], ideals close to those of modern independence anarchism began to arise. By 1881, Josep Llunas i Pujals (1852 – 1905), the primary theorist of what would later become [[File:AnSynd.png]] [[Anarcho-Syndicalism|anarcho-syndicalism]], founded the popular [[File:Acol.png]] [[Anarcho-Collectivism|libertarian collectivist]] weekly newspaper ''La Tramontana'' (The Tramontane), akin to [[File:Cball-Catalonia.png]] Catalanism and [[File:Fed.png]] federalism. Although the newspaper was closed by the authorities fifteen years afterwards, it would set the stage for other [[File:Awaj.png]] anarchist newspapers in Catalan to appear, such as ''L'Avenir'' (The Future, 1905-1910) and ''El Progrés'' (The Progress, 1905-1905). ''La Tramontana'' even came back in 1907 and 1913.
With the creation of the [[File:CNT.png]] National Confederation of Labour (CNT) syndicate in 1910 in Barcelona, factions within [[File:AnSynd.png]] anarcho-syndicalism that can be considered the precursors to Catalan independence anarchism began to materialize. Many prominent Spanish [[File:AnSynd.png]] anarcho-syndicalists such as Joan Peiró (1887 – 1942), Salvador Seguí (1887 – 1923) and Federica Montseny (1905 – 1994), the latter of which was even known for his [[File:Cball-Catalonia.png]] Catalanist sentiment, made statements in support of Catalan autonomy (despite the Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia being a subject that initially caused an internal division in the [[File:CNT.png]] CNT). Meanwhile, the [[File:FAI.png]] Iberian Anarchist Federation (FAI) was founded in 1927 in València.
The [[File:CNT.png]] CNT and the [[File:FAI.png]] FAI briefly formed the CNT-FAI during the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) to prevent the [[File:Franco.png]] [[Francoism|nationalists]] from taking Catalonia. The CNT-FAI union still had its internal ruptures, which resulted in two main factions: the more moderate, minoritarian and [[File:Left Reformism.png]] [[Reformism|reformist]] [[Treintism|Treintists]] that were mostly made up of some [[File:CNT.png]] CNT members, and the more majoritarian, [[File:Insarch.png]] [[Insurrectionary Anarchism|insurrectionary]] Faists led by the [[File:FAI.png]] FAI. Both sectors, despite the difference of their tactics, sometimes shared a [[File:Cball-Catalonia.png]] Catalanist sentiment although revindicative/nationalist rhetoric was nowhere to be seen. Before the CNT-FAI's social revolution fell apart, a proposal was made by the Valencian branch of the [[File:CNT.png]] CNT to make a Statute of Autonomy for the Valencian Country, but the project never saw the light of day. The [[File:Franco.png]] nationalists would take over all of Spain in 1939 and Franco would later have a lot of CNT-FAI members executed, effectively making independence anarchism in the Catalan Countries dormant for the duration of the Francoist dictatorship.
Throughout more recent history, the CGT was formed in 1979 as a result of a split in the [[File:CNT.png]] CNT concerning union elections. The [[File:CNT.png]] CNT, the CGT and the [[File:FAI.png]] FAI would continue to campaign for [[File:Awaj.png]] anarchism in Catalonia, frequently holding debates and talks about the "National Question" between its members.
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*[https://negrestempestes.cat/ ''Negres Tempestes'']
*[https://lullal.wordpress.com/ ''L'Ullal'']
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20040715235015/http://www.freewebs.com/laketania/ ''
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