List of movements/Militant and/or Criminal Groups/South America

Argentina

Active

• Mapuche Ancestral Resistance

Defunct

• Federales (1816-1880)
• Unitarios (1816-1880)
• Civic Union (1890-1891)
• Radical Civic Union (1893, 1905, 1932)
• Argentine Regional Workers' Federation (1919-1922)
• Argentine Patriotic League (1919-1930)
• Argentine Civic Legion (1931-1937)
• Alliance of Nationalist Youth (1937-1943)
• United Officers' Group (1943)
• Nationalist Liberation Alliance (1943-1955)
• Civil Commands (1951-1958)
  • Radical Militia (1946-1958)
  • Catholic Action (1955-1958)
  • Socialist Militia (1955-1958)
  • National Democratic Militia (1955-1958)
• General Confederation of Labour (1955-1958, 1969-1972)
• Union of Secondary Nationalist Students (1955-1966)
• National Liberation Army-Peronist Liberation Movement (1955-1973)
• Tacuara Nationalist Movement (1957-1966)
• Peronist Youth (1959-1963)
• Argentine National Socialist Front (1960-1990s)
• Azules Faction (1962-1963)
• Colorados Faction (1962-1963)
• People's Guerrilla Army (1963-1964)
• National Justicialist Militia (1963-1966)
• Argentine National Socialist Movement (1963-1966)
• Peronist Revolutionary Action (1963-1967)
• Detachment of Peronist Offensive (1963-1967)
• Base Peronism (1963-1967)
• Peronist Liberation Action (1963-1967)
• Peronist Revolutionary Movement (1964-1967)
• People's Revolutionary Army (1965-1980)
• Rebel Armed Forces (1966)
• Revolutionary Armed Forces (1967-1973)
• Argentine Liberation Front (1967-1973)
• Guerrilla of the Liberation Army (1968-1972)
• Peronist Armed Forces (1968-1979)
• General Confederation of Labor of Argentines (1968-1974)
• Railway Union (1969)
• Union of Mechanics and Related Automotive Transport (1969)
• Automotive Tramway Union (1969)
• Argentine Federation of Light and Power Workers (1969)
• Movement of Priests for the Third World (1969-1972)
• Montonero Peronist Movement (1970-1981)
• Popular Liberation Commands (1973-1974)
• Workers Power Communist Organization (1973-1975)
• Argentine Anticommunist Alliance (1973-1976)
• All for the Fatherland Movement (1986-1989)
• Painted Faces (1987-1990)

Bolivia

Active

• Red Ponchos
• Santa Cruz Cartel
• Chapare Cartel

Defunct

• Liberal Rebels (1898-1899)
• Revolutionary Nationalist Movement (1952)
• National Liberation Army (Ñancahuazú Guerrilla) (1966-1967)
• National Liberation Army (Teoponte Guerrilla) (1970)
• The Corporation/Santa Ana Cartel (1970s-1990)
• Zarate Willka Armed Forces of Liberation (1985-1991)
• Túpac Katari Guerrilla Army (1986-1992)
• Néstor Paz Zamora Commission (1989-1990)
• Anarchic Cell for Revolutionary Solidarity (2012)

Brazil

Active

• Carecas do ABC
• Dogolachan
• First Command of the Capital
• Guardians of the State
• Landless Workers' Movement
• Northern Family
• Police Militias
• Pure Third Command
• Red Command

Defunct

• Confederation of the Equator (1824)
• Restorationists (1831-1834)
• Ragamuffin Party (1832-1845)
  • Riograndense Republic (1835-1845)
  • Juliana Republic (1839)
• Cabanos (1835-1840)
• Federalists (1893-1923)
• Celestial Monarchy (1912-1916)
• Anarchist Alliance of Rio de Janeiro (1918)
• General Workers' Union (1918)
• Brazilian Communist Party (1922-1930s)
• Tenentes (1922-1930)
• Constitutionalists (1932)
  • State of São Paulo
    • Black Legion
  • State of Maracaju
  • United Gaúcho Front
• Brazilian Integralist Action (1932-1938)
• National Liberation Alliance (1934-1937)
• Shindo Renmei (1940s)
• Peasant Leagues (1945-1964)
  • Tiradentes Revolutionary Movement (1961-1962)
• Groups of Eleven Pals (1963-1964)
• Scuderie Detetive Le Cocq (1965-2000)
• Third Command (1980-2002)
• First Command of Maranhão (2006-2017)

Military dictatorship (1964-1985)

Pro-government

• Secret Group (1961-1980)
• Communist Hunting Command (1963-1970, 1975-1980)
• Brazilian Anti-Communist Alliance (1976-?)

Anti-government

• Communist Party of Brazil (militant phase) (1962-1985)
• Popular Action (1962-1971)
• Revolutionary Communist Party (militant phase) (1966-1981)
• Communist Party of Brazil - Red Wing (1966-1992)
• Nationalist Armed Resistance (1966-?)
• Revolutionary Nationalist Movement (1966-1967)
• Revolutionary Popular Vanguard (1966-1971)
• 8th October Revolutionary Movement (militant phase) (1967-1985)
• National Liberation Action (1967-1974)
• National Liberation Command (1967-1969)
• Brazilian Revolutionary Communist Party (1968-1973)
• Palmares Armed Revolutionary Vanguard (1969-1972)
• Tiradentes Revolutionary Movement (1969-1971)
• Northeast Liberation Front (1971-1972)

Chile

Active

• Antagonic Nuclei of the New Urban Guerilla
• Primera Línea (Frontline)
• Garra Blanca Anti-Fascists (and other anti-fascists tied to hooligan groups)
• Arauco-Malleco Coordinator
• Weichán Auka Mapu
• Malleco Mapuche Resistance
• Mapuche Lafkenche Resistance
• 18th of October Movement

Defunct

• Liberal Rebels (1851-1859)
• Patriotic Leagues (1910s-1920s)
• Revolutionary Left Movement (1965-1991)
• Organized Vanguard of the People (1968-1971)
• Group of Friends of the President (1970-1973)
• Fatherland and Liberty Nationalist Front (1971-1973)
• Rolando Matus Command (1971-1973)
• Lautaro Youth Movement (1982-1994)
• Manuel Rodríguez Patriotic Front (1983-1987)
• FPMR dissidents (1987-1999)
• Revolutionary Anarchist Front (2007-2009)
• La Vanguardia (2019-2020)
• Revolutionary Capitalism

Colombia

Active

• National Liberation Army
• FARC dissidents
• Popular Liberation Army
• Indigenous Revolutionary Armed Forces of the Pacific
• Los Rastrojos
• The Gulf Clan
• The Office of Envigado
• The Zs
• Sinaloa Cartel
• Jalisco New Generation Cartel

Defunct

• Supremes (1839-1842)
• Conservative Guerrillas (1851-1958)
• Liberal Guerrillas (1851-1958)
• Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (1964-2016)
• 19th of April Movement (1974-1990)
• Cali Cartel (1975-1995)
• Medellin Cartel (1976-1993)
• American Anticommunist Alliance (1978-1979)
• Death to Kidnappers (1981-1990s)
• Workers Revolutionary Party of Colombia (1982-1991)
• Quintin Lame Armed Movement (1984-1991)
• Simón Bolívar Guerrilla Coordinating Board (1987-1994)
• People's Revolutionary Army (1996-2007)
• United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia (1997-2006)
• Black Eagles (2006-2009)

Ecuador

Active

• Group of Popular Combatants
• Communist Party of Ecuador-Red sun

Defunct

• ¡Alfaro Lives, Dammit! (1983-1991)

Guyana

Active

• Gang of Five
• Killing Squad

Defunct

• Demerara Rebels (1823)
• Rupununi Rebels (1969)
• People's Temple (1974-1978)

Paraguay

Active

• Paraguayan People's Army
• Armed Peasant Association
• Army of Marshal López

Defunct

• United National Liberation Front (1960-1970s)
• First Of March Organization (1970s)

Peru

Active

• Shining Path
• Militarized Communist Party of Peru
• Rondas Campesinas
• The Resistance

Defunct

• The Buffaloes (1930-1948)
• Revolutionary Left Movement (1962-1965)
• National Liberation Army (1962-1965)
• Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (1984-1997)
• Rodrigo Franco Command (1985-1990)
• Hill Group (1990-1994)
• Ethnocacerist Rebels (2000-2005)

Venezuela

Active

• Colectivos
  • La Piedrita
  • Revolutionary Movement Tupamaro
• Bolivarian Forces of Liberation
• Cartel of the Suns
• La Guajira Cartel
• FARC dissidents

Defunct

• Revolutionary Left Movement (1960-1988)
• Armed Forces of National Liberation (1962-1969)
• Red Flag (1970-1994)
• Revolutionary Bolivarian Movement-200 (1982-1997)

Historical

• Tupamaros (Uruguay, 1967-1972)
• ¡Alfaro Lives, Dammit! (Ecuador, 1983-1991)

References

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