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'''Authoritarian Capitalism''' ('''AuthCap'''), is an economically right wing, authoritarian and culturally ambivalent (though usually right-leaning) ideology advocating for a system in which a capitalist market economy exists alongside an authoritarian government. Authoritarian capitalists argue that by utilizing elements of [[File:Cap.png]] [[Capitalism]], regimes may more effectively employ modern technologies to suppress dissidence towards government. In addition, it is argued that capitalist free-market policies leads to an increase in authoritarian policies. The core of this argument lies in the view that citizens will support whichever regime provides the most material comforts.<br>
'''Authoritarian Capitalism''' ('''AuthCap'''), is an economically [[file:Cap.png]] [[Capitalism|right wing]], [[file:Sec.png]] [[Authoritarianism|authoritarian]] and culturally [[file:Cultcenter.png]] [[:Category:Cultural_Center|ambivalent]] (though usually [[file:Trad.png]] [[Traditionalism|right-leaning]]) ideology advocating for a system in which a [[file:Cap.png]] [[Capitalism|capitalist]] market economy exists alongside an [[file:Sec.png]] [[Authoritarianism|authoritarian]] government. Authoritarian capitalists argue that by utilizing elements of [[File:Cap.png]] [[Capitalism]], regimes may more effectively employ modern technologies to suppress dissidence towards government. In addition, it is argued that capitalist free-market policies leads to an increase in authoritarian policies. The core of this argument lies in the view that citizens will support whichever regime provides the most material comforts.<br>
Authoritarian capitalism is often associated with, and mistaken for, [[File:Statecap.png]] [[State Capitalism]], an economic system in which the state undertakes business and commercial economic activity, and where the means of production are organized and managed as state-owned enterprises. The former has a higher degree of economic liberalization than the latter.
Authoritarian capitalism is often associated with, and mistaken for, [[File:Statecap.png]] [[State Capitalism]], an economic system in which the state undertakes business and commercial economic activity, and where the means of production are organized and managed as state-owned enterprises. The former has a higher degree of economic liberalization than the latter.
== History ==
== History ==

Revision as of 11:01, 17 May 2022

Authoritarian Capitalism (AuthCap), is an economically right wing, authoritarian and culturally ambivalent (though usually right-leaning) ideology advocating for a system in which a capitalist market economy exists alongside an authoritarian government. Authoritarian capitalists argue that by utilizing elements of Capitalism, regimes may more effectively employ modern technologies to suppress dissidence towards government. In addition, it is argued that capitalist free-market policies leads to an increase in authoritarian policies. The core of this argument lies in the view that citizens will support whichever regime provides the most material comforts.
Authoritarian capitalism is often associated with, and mistaken for, State Capitalism, an economic system in which the state undertakes business and commercial economic activity, and where the means of production are organized and managed as state-owned enterprises. The former has a higher degree of economic liberalization than the latter.

History

Russia

Main Articles: Kleptocracy, and Oligarchy

  • Pyotr Stolypin: Pyotr Stolypin was the third Prime Minister of Russia and Minister of Internal Affairs of the Russian Empire from 1906 to his assassination in 1911. As Prime Minister, Stolypin is most known for his agrarian reforms, known as the Stolypin reform, that granted the right of private land ownership to the peasantry. Thus moving the Russian Empire further away from feudalism and towards capitalism. Stolypin was a staunch monarchist who prioritized modernity and efficiency over democracy and hoped to strengthen the throne through his capitalist reforms.

His tenure was also marked by increased revolutionary unrest, to which he responded with a new system of martial law that allowed for the arrest, speedy trial, and execution of accused offenders. Between 3000-5500 suspects were convicted and executed by these special courts between 1906 and 1909. Pytor Stolypin was throughout his tenure prone to numerous assassination attempts and was fatally shot in September 1911 by left-wing revolutionary Dmitry Bogrov in Kyiv.


Spain

Main Article: Francoism

W.I.P.

Italy

Main Article: Fascism

W.I.P.

The United States

Main Articles: Neoconservatism and Paleoconservatism

  • Fred C. Koch: Fred Chase Koch was an American chemical engineer and entrepreneur who founded the oil refinery firm known as Koch Industries, which became one of the largest and most successful private companies in the United States.

In 1925, Fred C. Koch had entered into a partnership with Lewis Winkler, a former employee of Universal Oil Products (UOP). Due to a lack of success at home, Winkler-Koch found work in the Soviet Union. Between 1929 and 1932 Winkler-Koch supported Joseph Stalin's regime to set up fifteen modern oil refineries" in the Soviet Union during its first Five Year Plan. This strange partnership came to a brutal end as Stalin violently purged several of Koch's Soviet colleagues when they proved no longer useful. In 1934, Fred C. Koch partnered with William Rhodes Davis to build the Hamburg Oil Refinery one of the largest refineries that served the Third Reich, a project which was personally approved by Adolf Hitler.

  • Joseph McCarthy: Joseph Raymond McCarthy was an American politician and attorney who served as a Republican Senator from the state of Wisconsin from 1947 until his death in 1957. The term "McCarthyism" was coined in the 1950s in reference to McCarthy's widespread anti-communist paranoia, fearmongering, and allegations that numerous communists and Soviet spies, and sympathizers had infiltrated the United States federal government, universities, and elsewhere. Joseph McCarthy rose to national fame in February 1950, when he asserted in a speech that he had a list of "members of the Communist Party and members of a spy ring" who were employed in the State Department.

From the year 1950 onwards McCarthy frequently exploited Cold War tensions and the fear of communism and even began to investigate homosexuals working in the foreign policy bureaucracy, on the ground that they were prime candidates for blackmail by the Soviets (See: Lavender Scare). Said baseless accusations against homosexual government workers received wide publicity and gained him a powerful national following.

McCarthy's methods also brought on the disapproval and opposition of many. With the highly publicized Army–McCarthy hearings of 1954, and following the suicide of Wyoming Senator Lester C. Hunt that same year, McCarthy's support and popularity faded. Ultimately, the smear tactics and threats that he used led him to be censured by the U.S. Senate.

Mexico

W.I.P.

Guatemala

W.I.P.

Cuba

  • Fulgencio Batista - Fulgencio Batista was president of Cuba twice, between 1940-1944 and 1952-1959. His first government was more left-leaning, with support from socialist parties, he enacted labor laws, increased regulations and supported unions.

His second government was very different from the first, as there was an increase in inequality, persecution of socialists and a decrease in regulations. His government was known for brutality and the police state, in which he was accused of murdering 20,000 opponents. One of the most striking actions was the support for organized crime and American companies, in which brothels and gambling were so abundant that Cuba was known as "La Vegas of Latin America" ​​and also homosexuality was usually for gay bars and nightclubs. American companies "dominated" Cuba's economy, in which the main companies were mining, railroads, sugar production and telephony. His government fell in 1959, in the Cuban revolution led by Che Guevara and Fidel Castro.

Operation Condor

Main Articles: Neoconservatism, Pinochetism, and National Capitalism

Operation Condor was an operation between 1968 and 1989 in South America, which took governments from the left and placed capitalist dictatorships. The operation is known for its anti-communism and being an example of "American imperialism". The affected countries were: Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, Bolivia, Chile and Paraguay and their supporters were:

  • Luis Posada Carriles - Luis Posada Carriles was an anti-communist militant and terrorist, in which he was responsible for overseeing the capture of Che Guevara. In the condor operation, he was responsible for carrying out terrorist attacks in Cuba and the assassination of Orlando Letelier, the main opponent of the Pinochet government.
  • Jorge Rafael Videla, Alfredo Stroessner , Hugo Banzer - The aforementioned dictators are now very similar, Videla being the cruelest. In these dictatorships, indigenous peoples were persecuted, economic liberalization, support for Nazi refugees and (in Videla's case) persecution of Jews.
  • Emílio Garrastazu Médici - Emílio Garrastazu Médici was a Brazilian dictator who took over after the condor operation. The Medici government is known for economic improvement and Totalitarianism, especially for AI5, a law that allows censorship, restricting civil rights and torture. It also banned pornography.
  • Juan María Bordaberry - Juan María Bordaberry was a Uruguayan dictator who also took over in the condor operation, in the 1973 coup. His system was capitalist and agricultural with inspirations from Fascism and Francoism.
  • Augusto Pinochet and Other dictators in the Brazilian military dictatorship - W.I.P

Apartheid South Africa

Main Articles: White Nationalism and Ethnocracy

W.I.P.

Iran

Main Articles: Social Authoritarianism, and Monarcho-Capitalism

  • Reza Shah - Reza Shah took over in 1925 after convincing the Majlis to depose and exile Ahmad Shah, making him the next Shah. Crowned in 1926, he had started the Pahlavi dynasty. Historian Ervand Abrahamian claimed that the Shah of Reza Shah would be "free from clerical influence, nomadic uprisings and ethnic differences".

In his Shah, he began the process of industrialization and modernization, increasing the amount of industries, roads and railways. He implemented modern education at Tehran University and made the number of industrial plants increase 17 times. There was an increase in both private and state industries. Other changes were the elimination of chador, a ban on photography of things considered "backward" (camels, clerical and Western clothing), changes from the Persian name to Iranian, support for Jews (even if this was questioned), detribalization, support for Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, Ethnic Nationalism and comfort for the clergy. He had to abdicate in 1941 because of the Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran.

  • Mohammad Reza Pahlavi - Mohammad Reza Pahlavi took over in 1941, having been crown prince of Reza Shah, in which a time later he met with allies in WWII, such as Stalin and Roosevelt.

When he took office, he made economic reforms, called the White Revolution, in which he privatized state-owned companies, nationalized some industries such as oil and abolished Feudalism. In doing so, he made private Iranian companies increase their profits. Under his rule, Iran had one of the best literacy programs, an increase in nuclear installations and an increase in industries such as automotive and electrical appliances and the 5th largest army in the world. Iran has had a kind of "economic miracle", such as the unprecedented rise in per capita income, decrease in poverty and industrialization. His authoritarianism, notable examples being the jaleh square massacre, the cinema rex fire and others, causing protests, making him resign in 1979, being succeeded by Ruhollah Khomeini. The total number of deaths in the protest ranged from 540 to 2000.

South Korea

Main Article: Ilminism

W.I.P.

Singapore

  • Lee Kuan Yew: Lee Kuan Yew (1923-2015) was the first Prime Minister of Singapore and is widely considered to be the city state's founding father. Lee was born in Singapore when it was still under British colonial rule as part of the Straits Settlements. During the Japanese Occupation in the midst of WWII, Lee managed to evade death as the Japanese ordered all Singaporeans of Chinese descent to be screened as part of the Sook Ching operation.

The future leader of Singapore got a job with the Japanese propaganda department (Hōdōbu) in late 1943, as an English specialist. As Lee came to anticipate that the British Allied Forces would re-invade their former colony he quit his job at the Japanese propaganda department and spent the remainder of the war engaging in private enterprises and black markets. After being forced to kneel in front of a Japanese soldier he came to realize that the Japanese were a far more cruel and vicious occupying force than Singapore's former British colonizers. Lee Kuan Yew now understood that no Empire had the right to rule over them and that the people of Singapore would eventually have to take matters into their own hands and push for independence and self-determination.

After the war and Japan's surrender to the Allied Forces, Lee got a Queen's scholarship and went to study abroad in London where his anti-colonial sentiments kept growing. He returned to Singapore in 1950 together with his wife Kwa, determined to end British colonial rule and create a unified and independent Malaya and Singapore. Lee turned heavily to the city's Chinese-speaking community and trade unions and was willing to cooperate with regional communist movements as he sought to create a popular front. The People's Action Party (PAP) was founded in 1954 and eventually, Lee sought to purge the Party of his former communist allies in wake of the 1956 Chinese Middle School riots.

The People's Action Party won its first electoral victory in the 1959 election and with Lee Kuan Yew appointed as Singapore's first prime minister. He initially sought to unify Singapore with Malaysia but ethnic conflicts and ideological differences led to Singapore becoming a sovereign city-state in 1965. Lee and the PAP had overwhelming parliamentary control at every election and oversaw Singapore's transformation into a developed high economy country, with a highly effective, anti-corrupt government and civil service.

Lee eschewed populist policies in favor long term social and economic planning and did everything he could to attract foreign investment for multinational corporations. Singapore consistently ranks at the top of the World Bank's "Ease of Doing Business Report."

However, Lee's rule has been described as authoritarian by critics, with accusations of curtailing press freedoms, imposing narrow limits on public protests, restricting labor movements from strike action through legislation, and co-option, and bringing defamation lawsuits against political opponents. Lee Kuan Yew finally stepped down as Prime Minister in 1990 after over 30 years in power.

  • Lee Hsien Loong: Lee Kuan Yew's eldest son Lee Hsien Loong has served as Prime Minister of Singapore and Secretary-General of the People's Action Party (PAP) since 2004. Although Lee Hsien Loong isn't quite as authoritarian as his father, other political parties still don't stand much of a chance against The PAP. Caning is still a widely used form of corporal punishment in Singapore.

China

Main Article: Dengism

  • Deng Xiaoping - Deng Xiaoping's southern tour refers to the tour made by former Paramount Leader of China, Deng Xiaoping, did from January 18 to February 21, 1992, in southern China, including in Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Guangzhou, and Shanghai. Said tour inspired Deng to pursue increased market liberalization of the Chinese economy and privatization of state-owned enterprises. As his famous quote goes "It doesn't matter whether the cat is black or white as long as it catches the mice."

The current President of China at the time Jiang Zemin was skeptical of Deng's newfound ideas as he argued that further market-liberalization and privatization would challenge the authority of the Communist Party of China people which could potentially have lead to the end of the country's one-party rule. However, he was forced to go along with the Chinese economic reform program as Deng Xiaoping threatened to demote any party official who opposed it.

  • Jiang Zemin/ Hu Jintao - In 1997, after the death of Deng Xiaoping, President Jiang Zemin began to sell off the majority of China's 13,000 large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises, except a few large monopolies such as the energy sector and natural resources. During the same period, Jiang Zemin and Premier Zhu Rongji also reduced tariffs, trade barriers, and regulations; reformed the banking system; dismantled much of the Mao-era social welfare system; reduced inflation; and joined the World Trade Organization.

Many big private Chinese corporations were founded and entered the world stage throughout the late 1990s and early 2000s, during Jiang Zemin's reign. Among those include Alibaba Group, founded by Jack Ma in 1999, which specializes in e-commerce, retail, Internet, and technology. Tencent is the world's largest video game vendor, and among the largest social media, venture capital, and investment corporations. Geely is a multinational automotive company headquartered in Hangzhou, Zhejiang. Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. is a multinational technology corporation headquartered in Shenzhen, Guangdong, and by 2021 is ranked the second-largest R&D investor in the world. Thousands of private schools and hospitals also appeared throughout the country during this time.

Foreign companies were also encouraged to invest in the Chinese market and were free to exploit their Chinese employees as they pleased. Foxconn, a Taiwanese multinational electronics contract manufacturer, founded by billionaire and Kuomintang member Terry Gou has come under heavy scrutiny for the infamous "Foxconn suicides" in Shenzhen caused by the company's poor treatment and abuse of their employees.

While Jiang Zemin's and Zhu Rongji's market-liberal reforms lead to spectacular economic growth and asserted China's standing on the world stage, they did not lead to increased political freedoms or an end to the epidemic of corruption and nepotism that had plagued the country for generations.

In 1998, the Communist Party of China feared that the China Democracy Party (CDP) would lead to increased dissent among the Chinese population which would once again challenge the one-party rule. The CDP was immediately banned, followed by arrests and imprisonment. That same year, the Great Fire Wall project was started to control the flow of information on the internet which had arrived in China four years earlier. Fang Binxing, former Principal of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications has been dubbed the "Father of China's Great Fire Wall."

Jiang Zemin used the Collective Leadership of the Communist Party to maintain a high level of influence in Chinese politics after the end of his term in 2004, by stacking the administration of Hu Jintao and Wen Jiabao with his own party loyalists.

As the wealth gap between the rich and poor increased the CPC found its power challenged by the "Chinese New Left, " a mix of Maoists, social democrats, and other leftists discontent with China's crony-capitalist and elitist economic system and who desired greater distribution of wealth and better worker's conditions. Many members of the Chinese New Left have been arrested due to "incitement of social unrest. "

  • Xi Jinping/ Li Keqiang - After Xi Jinping became Paramount Leader in 2012, Jiang Zemin's power and influence over Chinese politics declined rapidly due to Xi's Anti-Corruption Campaign which saw the arrests of hundreds and thousands of corrupt party members and billionaires, many of whom had been Jiang's allies. While Xi Jinping is no "true communist" he has increased state control over the Chinese economy and increased surveillance over private corporations. However it would be naive to believe that he has done all of this because of his “socialist purity” as Xi has only jailed 1% of China’s billionaires and most of those were either jailed because they spoke out against the communist party or they engaged in extreme corruption as in most cases being members of gangs and killing people. Xi’s anti corruption campaign seems to be largely about purging political opposition and not about his “socialist purity”.
  • Jack Ma - WIP
  • Guo Wengui - WIP

Hong Kong

W.I.P

Kazakhstan

W.I.P.

Rwanda

  • Paul Kagame - Paul Kagame is the current president of Rwanda, assumed on April 22, 2000. He has also been a former vice president, former defense minister, former president of the African Union and former military. His government is known for economic and social advances, but also for the assassinations of opponents outside Rwanda, such as Patrick Karegeya, assassinated in South Africa. The main changes are:[3]
    • Having condemned the main actors involved in the genocide in Rwanda and having criticized the UN's lack of action against the genocide.
    • Reduction of extreme poverty that in 2000 was 58.9% dropped to 44.9% in 2012.
    • Vaccination of 97% of children against ten different diseases.
    • Average increase of 7% of GDP per year.
    • To be against a bill in 2009 that intended to criminalize homosexuality.
    • 61.3% of Rwanda's parliament is composed of women.
    • Liberalization and debureaucratization of the economy.
    • Investment in poverty alleviation and technology.
    • Decreased corruption.

The Philippines

W.I.P.

Bangladesh

W.I.P.

Cambodia

W.I.P.

Indonesia

Main Article: Stratocracy

W.I.P.

Ecuador

W.I.P

Tunisia

W.I.P.

Egypt

W.I.P.

Turkey

Main Article: Neo-Ottomanism

W.I.P.

Iraq

W.I.P.

Kurdistan

W.I.P.

Syria

Main Article: Ba'athism

  • Hafez al-Assad: Hafez al-Assad (1930-2000) was a Syrian statesman and military officer who served as President of Syria from 1971 until his death in 2000. Hafez participated in the 1963 Syrian coup d'état which brought the Syrian regional branch of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party to power. After serving as defense minister for a few years he initiated another coup which ousted the de facto leader Salah Jadid and appointed himself as leader of Syria. Hafez imposed change on the Ba'ath government when he took power, by imposing capitalism and limited liberalization of the economy thus moving the Syrian Ba'ath Party away from its socialist roots.

As President, Hafez organized state services along sectarian lines the Sunnis became the heads of political institutions, while the Alawites took control of the military, intelligence, and security apparatuses. Even though Hafez sided with the Soviet Union in the cold war against Israel, he prosecuted and repressed leftists such as supporters of Salah Jadid, at home. Hafez's policies indirectly led to the establishment of a "new elite" as state officials used their positions for personal gain resulting in spikes of corruption.

From the 1970s to the early 1980s the Alawite Dynasty found its power and grip over Syria challenged by a series of revolts and armed insurgencies of Sunni Islamists, mainly members of the Muslim Brotherhood which aimed to overthrow the secular Ba'athist dictatorship. The Islamist uprising reached its climax in the 1982 Hama uprising and massacre, which resulted in at least 2,000 casualties.

From 1 May 1991, the Assad government would further liberalize the Syrian economy and encourage foreign investment from the Gulf States which would help with various infrastructure and development projects.

  • Bashar al-Assad: Following his assumption of power in 2000, Bashar al-Assad would continue to liberalize the Syrian economy and encourage growth in the private sector. In 2001, private banking in Syria had been legalized for the first time under Ba'athist rule.


Qatar

Main Article: Monarcho-Capitalism

W.I.P.

Personality and Behavior

Authcap acts like his father capitalism but more authoritarian and more willing to use the state for personal gain. May or may not like helicopters like his son Pinochetism.

How To Draw

Flag of Authoritarian Capitalism
  1. Draw a ball with eyes.
  2. Color the ball black.
  3. Draw a yellow inverted triangle in middle of the ball.
  4. Draw a green dollar sign in the middle of the triangle.
Color Name HEX RGB
Yellow #FFFF00 255, 255, 0
Green #00FF00 0, 255, 0
Black #141414 20, 20, 20

Relationships

Friends

Frenemies

  • Anarcho-Capitalism - Cool but why the anarchism?
  • Neoliberalism - Good job taking over the world, but you could be a bit more authoritarian.
  • Corporatism - You know a thing or two about management but try to take my property and you die!
  • State Capitalism - Why do people think I'm you? Though still we could be great business partners if you move more to the economic right.
  • Xi Jinping Thought - Not sure what to think about you. As much as I love Jiang Zemin you weren't that bad either until recent events. You have thus far maintained good relations with most major CEOS such as Bill Gates and Elon Musk and even allowed some parts of the private sector to continue as usual. However, you should end the Shanghai lockdown immediately. It is bad for the Chinese economy.
  • Social Authoritarianism - My least favourite business partner: Beware with your "social" €r@p.
  • Austrolibertarianism & Chicagoan Libertarianism - Both of you have good ideas, but how are you going to implement them with your small state?
  • Rockefeller Republicanism - Twenty-one years of treason! However, your coups in Iran and Guatemala were based!

Enemies

Gallery

  • Original image

    Original image

  • Credit: u/AidenI0I Source

    Credit: u/AidenI0I Source

Further Information

Wikipedia

Videos

Template:Authright Template:Caps

  1. ↑ When prime minister from 2012-2019, Kurdistan had several allegations of human rights abuses.
  2. ↑ Li Keqiang#Xi Li Administration
  3. ↑ References
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