List of movements/Political Parties/Germany: Difference between revisions
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*[[File:Christianright.png]] [[Christian Theocracy|Bündnis C – Christen für Deutschland]] (Alliance C - Christians for Germany) |
*[[File:Christianright.png]] [[Christian Theocracy|Bündnis C – Christen für Deutschland]] (Alliance C - Christians for Germany) |
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*[[File:Cball-Bavaria-Streifenflagge.png]] [[Separatism|Bayern]][[Christian Democracy|Partei]] (Bavaria Party) |
*[[File:Cball-Bavaria-Streifenflagge.png]] [[Separatism|Bayern]][[Christian Democracy|Partei]] (Bavaria Party) |
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*[[File:Neostalin.png]] [[ |
*[[File:Neostalin.png]] [[Marxism-Leninism|Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands]] (Communist Party of Germany) |
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*[[File:V-Partei.png]] [[Deep Ecology|V-Partei³ – Partei für Veränderung, Vegetarier und Veganer]] (V-Partei³ – Party for Change, Vegetarians and Vegans) |
*[[File:V-Partei.png]] [[Deep Ecology|V-Partei³ – Partei für Veränderung, Vegetarier und Veganer]] (V-Partei³ – Party for Change, Vegetarians and Vegans) |
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*[[File:Directdem.png]] [[Democracy#Direct Democracy|Unabhängige für bürgernahe Demokratie]] (Independents for citizen-friendly democracy) |
*[[File:Directdem.png]] [[Democracy#Direct Democracy|Unabhängige für bürgernahe Demokratie]] (Independents for citizen-friendly democracy) |
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*[[File:Soclib.png]] [[Social Liberalism|Die Grauen – Für alle Generationen]] (The Grays – For all Generations) |
*[[File:Soclib.png]] [[Social Liberalism|Die Grauen – Für alle Generationen]] (The Grays – For all Generations) |
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*[[File:Ultraprogressivism.png]] [[Revolutionary Progressivism|Die Urbane. Eine HipHop Partei]] (The Urbans. A HipHop Party) |
*[[File:Ultraprogressivism.png]] [[Revolutionary Progressivism|Die Urbane. Eine HipHop Partei]] (The Urbans. A HipHop Party) |
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*[[File:MLPD.png]] [[ |
*[[File:MLPD.png]] [[Marxism-Leninism-Maoism|Marxistisch-Leninistische Partei Deutschlands (MLPD)]] (Marxist-Leninist Party of Germany) |
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*[[File:DKP.png]] [[Marxism–Leninism|Deutsche Kommunistische Partei (DKP)]] (German Communist Party) |
*[[File:DKP.png]] [[Marxism–Leninism|Deutsche Kommunistische Partei (DKP)]] (German Communist Party) |
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*[[File:Deepe.png]] [[Deep Ecology|Allianz für Menschenrechte, Tier- und Naturschutz]] (Alliance for Human Rights, Animal and Nature Protection) |
*[[File:Deepe.png]] [[Deep Ecology|Allianz für Menschenrechte, Tier- und Naturschutz]] (Alliance for Human Rights, Animal and Nature Protection) |
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*[[File:Islamophobia.png]] [[Welfare Chauvinism|Die Freiheit - Bürgerrechtsspartei für mehr Freiheit und Demokratie]] (Freedom – Civil Rights Party for More Freedom and Democracy) [2010-2016] |
*[[File:Islamophobia.png]] [[Welfare Chauvinism|Die Freiheit - Bürgerrechtsspartei für mehr Freiheit und Demokratie]] (Freedom – Civil Rights Party for More Freedom and Democracy) [2010-2016] |
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*[[File:DSLP.png]] [[Homofascism#Homonationalism|Demokratische Schwul/Lesbische Partei - Die Bürgerpartei]] (Democratic Gay/Lesbian Party - The Citizens' Party) [2013-2016] |
*[[File:DSLP.png]] [[Homofascism#Homonationalism|Demokratische Schwul/Lesbische Partei - Die Bürgerpartei]] (Democratic Gay/Lesbian Party - The Citizens' Party) [2013-2016] |
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*[[File:Socialist Unity Party of Germany.png]] [[ |
*[[File:Socialist Unity Party of Germany.png]] [[Marxism-Leninism|Sozialistische Einheitspartei Westberlins]] (Socialist Unity Party of West Berlin) [1962-1991] |
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*[[File:UAP.png]] [[Strasserism|Unabhängige Arbeiter-Partei (Deutsche Sozialisten)]] (Independent German Worker Party (German Socialists)) [1962-2014] |
*[[File:UAP.png]] [[Strasserism|Unabhängige Arbeiter-Partei (Deutsche Sozialisten)]] (Independent German Worker Party (German Socialists)) [1962-2014] |
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*[[File:Hoxha.png]] [[Hoxhaism|Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands/Marxisten-Leninisten]] (Communist Party of Germany/Marxists–Leninists) [1968-1986] |
*[[File:Hoxha.png]] [[Hoxhaism|Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands/Marxisten-Leninisten]] (Communist Party of Germany/Marxists–Leninists) [1968-1986] |
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===[[File:Cball-EastGermany.png]] East Germany (1949-1990)=== |
===[[File:Cball-EastGermany.png]] East Germany (1949-1990)=== |
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*[[File:Socialist Unity Party of Germany.png]] [[ |
*[[File:Socialist Unity Party of Germany.png]] [[Marxism-Leninism|Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands (Socialist Unity Party of Germany)]] |
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*[[File:Christsoc.png]] [[Christian Socialism|Christlich-Demokratische Union Deutschlands (Christian Democratic Union of Germany)]] [1952-1989] |
*[[File:Christsoc.png]] [[Christian Socialism|Christlich-Demokratische Union Deutschlands (Christian Democratic Union of Germany)]] [1952-1989] |
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**[[File:Cdem.png]] [[Christian Democracy|Christlich-Demokratische Union Deutschlands (Christian Democratic Union of Germany)]] [1945-1952, 1989-1990] |
**[[File:Cdem.png]] [[Christian Democracy|Christlich-Demokratische Union Deutschlands (Christian Democratic Union of Germany)]] [1945-1952, 1989-1990] |
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*[[File:DDP.png]] [[Social Liberalism|Deutsche Demokratische Partei (German Democratic Party)]] [1918-1930] |
*[[File:DDP.png]] [[Social Liberalism|Deutsche Demokratische Partei (German Democratic Party)]] [1918-1930] |
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*[[File:Luxem.png]] [[Classical Social Democracy#Luxemburgist Left|Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands (Communist Party of Germany)]] [1918/1919-1925] |
*[[File:Luxem.png]] [[Classical Social Democracy#Luxemburgist Left|Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands (Communist Party of Germany)]] [1918/1919-1925] |
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*[[File:ML.png]] [[ |
*[[File:ML.png]] [[Marxism-Leninism|Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands (Communist Party of Germany)]] [after 1925] |
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*[[File:DNVP.png]] [[Right-Wing Populism|Deutschnationale Volkspartei (German National People's Party)]] |
*[[File:DNVP.png]] [[Right-Wing Populism|Deutschnationale Volkspartei (German National People's Party)]] |
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*[[File:Nazi.png]] [[Nazism|Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (National Socialist German Workers' Party)]] [1920-1945] |
*[[File:Nazi.png]] [[Nazism|Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (National Socialist German Workers' Party)]] [1920-1945] |
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*[[File:Bism.png]] [[Bismarckism|Otto von Bismarck]] (1867-1890) |
*[[File:Bism.png]] [[Bismarckism|Otto von Bismarck]] (1867-1890) |
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===[[File: |
===[[File:Nazi.png]] Nazi Germany=== |
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====Head of State==== |
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*[[File:Hitler.png]] [[Nazism|Adolf Hitler]] (1933-1945†, [[File:Nazi.png]] NSDAP) |
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===[[File:Cball-Germany.png]] Weimar Republic=== |
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====Reichspräsident==== |
====Reichspräsident==== |
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* [[File: |
* [[File:Hindenburg.png]] [[Authoritarian Democracy|''Reichspräsident Generalfieldmarschall'' Paul von Hindenburg]] (1925-1933, Non-Partisan) |
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* [[File:Fiscon.png]] [[Fiscal Conservatism|Walter Simons]] (Acting, 1925, Non-partisan) |
* [[File:Fiscon.png]] [[Fiscal Conservatism|Walter Simons]] (Acting, 1925, Non-partisan) |
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* [[File:Fiscon.png]] [[Fiscal Conservatism|Hans Luther]] (Acting, 1925, Non-partisan, [[File:DeutscheVolkspartei.png]] DVP-near) |
* [[File:Fiscon.png]] [[Fiscal Conservatism|Hans Luther]] (Acting, 1925, Non-partisan, [[File:DeutscheVolkspartei.png]] DVP-near) |
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====Reichskanzler==== |
====Reichskanzler==== |
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*[[File:ReactCap.png]] [[Reactionary Liberalism|Kurt von Schleicher]] (1932-1933) |
*[[File:ReactCap.png]] [[Reactionary Liberalism|Kurt von Schleicher]] (1932-1933) |
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*[[File:Monarch.png]] [[Monarchism|Franz von Papen]] (1932, , [[File:Zentrumspartei.png]] Ex-Center Party, [[File:DNVP.png]] DNVP-near) |
*[[File:Monarch.png]] [[Monarchism|Franz von Papen]] (1932, , [[File:Zentrumspartei.png]] Ex-Center Party, [[File:DNVP.png]] DNVP-near) |
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*[[File:Bernst.png]] [[Reformist Marxism|Philipp Scheidemann]] (1919, [[File:GerSPD.png]] SPD) |
*[[File:Bernst.png]] [[Reformist Marxism|Philipp Scheidemann]] (1919, [[File:GerSPD.png]] SPD) |
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*[[File:Bernst.png]] [[Reformist Marxism|Friedrich Ebert]] (1918-1919, [[File:GerSPD.png]] SPD) |
*[[File:Bernst.png]] [[Reformist Marxism|Friedrich Ebert]] (1918-1919, [[File:GerSPD.png]] SPD) |
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===[[File:Cball-EastGermany.png]] Heads of State of the German Democratic Republic=== |
===[[File:Cball-EastGermany.png]] Heads of State of the German Democratic Republic=== |
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*[[File:Liberalsoc.png]] [[Liberal Socialism|Manfred Gerlach]] (1989-1990, [[File:Lib.png]] LDPD) |
*[[File:Liberalsoc.png]] [[Liberal Socialism|Manfred Gerlach]] (1989-1990, [[File:Lib.png]] LDPD) |
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*[[File:Krenz.png]] [[Market Socialism|Egon Krenz]] (1989, [[File:Socialist Unity Party of Germany.png]] SED) |
*[[File:Krenz.png]] [[Market Socialism|Egon Krenz]] (1989, [[File:Socialist Unity Party of Germany.png]] SED) |
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*[[File:ErichHonecker.png]] [[ |
*[[File:ErichHonecker.png]] [[Marxism-Leninism|Erich Honecker]] (1976-1989, [[File:Socialist Unity Party of Germany.png]] SED) |
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*[[File:Tankie.png]] [[ |
*[[File:Tankie.png]] [[Marxism-Leninism|Willi Stoph]] (1973-1976, [[File:Socialist Unity Party of Germany.png]] SED) |
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*[[File:WalterUlbricht.png]] [[ |
*[[File:WalterUlbricht.png]] [[Marxism-Leninism|Walter Ulbricht]] (1960-1973, [[File:Socialist Unity Party of Germany.png]] SED) |
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*[[File:Pieck.png]] [[ |
*[[File:Pieck.png]] [[Marxism-Leninism|Wilhelm Pieck]] (1946-1960, [[File:Socialist Unity Party of Germany.png]] SED) |
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===[[File:Cball-Germany.png]] Federal Republic of Germany=== |
===[[File:Cball-Germany.png]] Federal Republic of Germany=== |
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*[[File:Socdem.png]] [[Social Democracy|Manfred Stolpe]] (1990-2002, [[File:GerSPD.png]] SPD) |
*[[File:Socdem.png]] [[Social Democracy|Manfred Stolpe]] (1990-2002, [[File:GerSPD.png]] SPD) |
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*[[File:Socdem.png]] [[Social Democracy|Jochen Wolf]] (1990, [[File:GerSPD.png]] SPD) |
*[[File:Socdem.png]] [[Social Democracy|Jochen Wolf]] (1990, [[File:GerSPD.png]] SPD) |
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* [[File:Tankie.png]] [[ |
* [[File:Tankie.png]] [[Marxism-Leninism|Rudolf Jahn]] (1949-1952, [[File:Socialist Unity Party of Germany.png]] SED) |
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* [[File:Soc-h.png]] [[Socialism|Karl Steinhoff]] (1945-1949, [[File:Socialist Unity Party of Germany.png]] SED, appointed by the [[File:Cball-USSR.png]] USSR) |
* [[File:Soc-h.png]] [[Socialism|Karl Steinhoff]] (1945-1949, [[File:Socialist Unity Party of Germany.png]] SED, appointed by the [[File:Cball-USSR.png]] USSR) |
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*[[File:Cdem.png]] [[Christian Democracy|Bernd Seite]] (1992-1998, [[File:CDU Party.png]] CDU) |
*[[File:Cdem.png]] [[Christian Democracy|Bernd Seite]] (1992-1998, [[File:CDU Party.png]] CDU) |
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*[[File:Cdem.png]] [[Christian Democracy|Alfred Gomolka]] (1990-1992, [[File:CDU Party.png]] CDU) |
*[[File:Cdem.png]] [[Christian Democracy|Alfred Gomolka]] (1990-1992, [[File:CDU Party.png]] CDU) |
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* [[File:Tankie.png]] [[ |
* [[File:Tankie.png]] [[Marxism-Leninism|Bernhard Quandt]] (1951-1952, [[File:Socialist Unity Party of Germany.png]] SED) |
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* [[File:Tankie.png]] [[ |
* [[File:Tankie.png]] [[Marxism-Leninism|Kurt Bürger]] (1951, [[File:Socialist Unity Party of Germany.png]] SED) |
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* [[File:Tankie.png]] [[ |
* [[File:Tankie.png]] [[Marxism-Leninism|Wilhelm Höcker]] (1945-1951, [[File:GerSPD.png]] SPD, appointed by the [[File:Cball-USSR.png]] USSR) |
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====[[File:Cball-NRW.png]] North Rhine-Westphalia==== |
====[[File:Cball-NRW.png]] North Rhine-Westphalia==== |
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*[[File:Conlib.png]] [[Conservative Liberalism|Bernhard Vogel]] (1992-2003, [[File:CDU Party.png]] CDU) |
*[[File:Conlib.png]] [[Conservative Liberalism|Bernhard Vogel]] (1992-2003, [[File:CDU Party.png]] CDU) |
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*[[File:Cdem.png]] [[Christian Democracy|Joseph Duchac]] (1990-1992, [[File:CDU Party.png]] CDU) |
*[[File:Cdem.png]] [[Christian Democracy|Joseph Duchac]] (1990-1992, [[File:CDU Party.png]] CDU) |
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* [[File:Tankie.png]] [[ |
* [[File:Tankie.png]] [[Marxism-Leninism|Werner Eggerath]] (1947-1952, [[File:Socialist Unity Party of Germany.png]] SED) |
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* [[File:Tankie.png]] [[ |
* [[File:Tankie.png]] [[Marxism-Leninism|Rudolf Paul]] (1945-1947, [[File:Socialist Unity Party of Germany.png]] SED, appointed by the [[File:Cball-USSR.png]] USSR) |
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* [[File:Bernst.png]] [[Reformist Marxism|Herrmann Brill]] (1945, [[File:GerSPD.png]] SPD, appointed by the [[File:Cball-US.png]] US) |
* [[File:Bernst.png]] [[Reformist Marxism|Herrmann Brill]] (1945, [[File:GerSPD.png]] SPD, appointed by the [[File:Cball-US.png]] US) |
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Revision as of 15:03, 6 December 2023
Parties
Parliamentary
Government
Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands (SPD) (Social Democratic Party of Germany)
Parlamentarische Linke (Parliamentary Left)
Seeheimer Kreis (Seeheimer Circle)
Netzwerk Berlin (Berlin Network)
Forum Demokratische Linke 21 (Forum Democratic Left 21)
Lassalle-Kreis (Lassalle Circle)
Junge Sozialisten (Young Socialists)
Bündnis 90/Die Grünen (Alliance 90/The Greens)
Freie Demokratische Partei (FDP) (Free Democractic Party)
Dahrendorf-Kreis (Dahrendorf Circle)
Freiburger Kreis (Freiburg Circle)
Liberaler Aufbruch (Liberal Awakening)
Libertäre Plattform (Libertarian Platform)
Schaumburger Kreis (Schaumburg Circle)
Junge Liberale (Young Liberals)
Liberale Offensive (Liberal Offensive)
Liberale Frauen (Liberal Women)
Stresemann-Club (Stresemann Club) [Defunct]
Nationalen Sammlung (National Collectivity) [Defunct]
Opposition
CDU/CSU
- Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands (CDU) (Christian Democratic Union of Germany)
Berliner Kreis in der Union (Berlin Circle)
Deutsch-Türkisches Forum (German-Turkish Forum)
Frauen-Union (Women Union)
Lesben und Schwule in der Union (Lesbians and Gays in the Union)
WerteUnion (Values Union)
Christlich-Soziale Union in Bayern (CSU) (Christian Social Union in Bavaria)
Alternative für Deutschland (AfD) (Alternative for Germany)
Alternative Mitte (Alternative Centre)
Christen in der AfD (Christians in the AfD)
Juden in der AfD (Jews in the AfD)
Patriotische Plattform e.V. (Patriotic Platform) [Defunct]
Junge Alternative (Young Alternative)
Der Flügel (The Wing) [Defunct]
Die Linke (The Left)
Antikapitalistische Linke (Anti-capitalist Left)
Kommunistische Plattform (Communist Platform)
Forum demokratischer Sozialismus (Democratic Socialist Forum)
Ökologische Plattform (Ecological Platform)
Emanzipatorische Linke (Emancipatory Left)
Geraer Dialog/Sozialistischer Dialog (Gera Dialogue/Socialist Dialogue)- Marxistisches Forum (Marxist Forum)
Netzwerk Reformlinke (Reform Left)
Sozialistische Linke (Socialist Left)
Marx21 (Marx21)
Linksjugend solid (Left Youth solid)
BSW - Für Vernunft und Gerechtigkeit e.V. (BSW - For Reason and Justice)- Südschleswigscher Wählerverband (South Schleswig Voters' Association)
Extraparliamentary
Freie Wähler (Free Voters)
Partei Mensch Umwelt Tierschutz (Party Human Enviorment Animal Welfare)
Basisdemokratische Partei Deutschland (Grassroots Democratic Party of Germany)
Die PARTEI (The PARTY)
Team Todenhöfer – Die Gerechtigkeitspartei (Team Todenhöfer – The Justice Party)
Piratenpartei Deutschland (Pirate Party Germany)
Volt Deutschland (Volt Germany)
Ökologisch-Demokratische Partei (Ecological-Democratic Party)
Nationaldemokratische Partei Deutschlands (NPD) (National Democratic Party of Germany)
Partei für Gesundheitsforschung (Party for Health Research)
Die Humanisten (The Humanists)
Bündnis C – Christen für Deutschland (Alliance C - Christians for Germany)
BayernPartei (Bavaria Party)
Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands (Communist Party of Germany)
V-Partei³ – Partei für Veränderung, Vegetarier und Veganer (V-Partei³ – Party for Change, Vegetarians and Vegans)
Unabhängige für bürgernahe Demokratie (Independents for citizen-friendly democracy)- Die Grauen – Für alle Generationen (The Grays – For all Generations)
Die Urbane. Eine HipHop Partei (The Urbans. A HipHop Party)
Marxistisch-Leninistische Partei Deutschlands (MLPD) (Marxist-Leninist Party of Germany)
Deutsche Kommunistische Partei (DKP) (German Communist Party)- Allianz für Menschenrechte, Tier- und Naturschutz (Alliance for Human Rights, Animal and Nature Protection)
Europäische Partei Liebe (European Party Love)
Liberal-Konservative Reformer (LKR) (Liberal Conservative Reformers)
Lobbyisten für Kinder (Lobbyists for Children)
Der III. Weg (The III. Path)
Gartenpartei (Garden Party)
Bürgerbewegung für Fortschritt und Wandel (Citizens' movement for progress and change)
Demokratie in Bewegung (Democracy in Motion)
Menschliche Welt (Human World)
DiePinke/Büdnis 21 (The Pink/Alliance 21)
Partei des Fortschritts (Party of Progress)
Sozialistische Gleichheitspartei, Vierte Internationale (SGP) (Socialist Equality Party, Fourth International)
Bürgerrechtsbewegung Solidarität (Civil Rights Movement Solidarity)
Klimaliste Deutschland (Climate List Germany)
Familienpartei Deutschlands (Family Party of Germany)
Ab jetzt … Demokratie durch Volksabstimmung (From Now on... Democracy Through Referendum)
Graue Panther (Grey Panthers)
Thüringer Heimatpartei (Thuringian Homeland Party)
Die Sonstigen (The Others)
Bergpartei, die ÜberPartei (Mountain Party, the OverParty)
Die Republikaner (The Republicans)
Partei der Vernunft (Party of Reason)
Die Rechte (The Right)
Freie Sachsen (Free Saxons)- Aktion Partei für Tierschutz (Action Party for Animal Welfare)
Feministische Partei Die Frauen (Feminist Party The Women)
Humanwirtschaftspartei (Humane Economy Party)
Bündnis Grundeinkommen (Basic Income Alliance)
Anarchistische Pogo-Partei Deutschlands (Anarchist Pogo Party of Germany)
Bündnis für Innovation und Gerechtigkeit (Alliance for Innovation and Justice)
Allianz Deutscher Demokraten (Alliance of German Democrats)
Deutsche Zentrumspartei (German Centre Party)
Arminius – Bund des deutschen Volkes (Arminius – Association of the German People)- Liberale Demokraten (Liberal Democrats)
Freie Bürger Mitteldeutschland (Free Citizen Central Germany)
Bildet Berlin! (Educate Berlin!)
ÖkoLinX (Ecological Left)
Freier Horizont (Free Horizon)
Freiparlamentarische Allianz (Free Parliamentary Alliance)
Demokratische Linke (Democratic Left)- Demokratie DIREKT! (Democracy Direct!)
- Aufbruch C (Breakthrough C)
- Mut (Courage)
Historical
Die Blaue Partei (The Blue Party) [2017-2019]
Die Freiheit - Bürgerrechtsspartei für mehr Freiheit und Demokratie (Freedom – Civil Rights Party for More Freedom and Democracy) [2010-2016]
Demokratische Schwul/Lesbische Partei - Die Bürgerpartei (Democratic Gay/Lesbian Party - The Citizens' Party) [2013-2016]
Sozialistische Einheitspartei Westberlins (Socialist Unity Party of West Berlin) [1962-1991]
Unabhängige Arbeiter-Partei (Deutsche Sozialisten) (Independent German Worker Party (German Socialists)) [1962-2014]
Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands/Marxisten-Leninisten (Communist Party of Germany/Marxists–Leninists) [1968-1986]
Maritime Union Deutschlands (Maritime Union of Germany) [2011-2012]
Deutsche Volksunion (German People's Union) [1971/87-2011]
Arbeit und soziale Gerechtigkeit – Die Wahlalternative (Labour and Social Justice – The Electoral Alternative) [2005-2007]
Partei des Demokratischen Sozialismus / Die Linkspartei.PDS (Party of Democratic Socialism) [1989-2007]
Bund Freier Bürger - Offensive für Deutschland (Union of Free Citizens - Offenisve for Germany) [1994-2000]
Partei der Arbeit Deutschlands (Workers' Party of Germany) [1995-1998]
Kampfbund Deutscher Sozialisten (Combat League of German Socialists) [1999-2008]
Freiheitliche Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (Free German Workers' Party) [1979-1995]
Deutsch-Soziale Union (German Social Union) [1956-1962]
Deutsche Partei (German Party) [1947-1961]
Freie Volkspartei (Free People's Party) [1956-1957]
East Germany (1949-1990)
- Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands (Socialist Unity Party of Germany)
Christlich-Demokratische Union Deutschlands (Christian Democratic Union of Germany) [1952-1989]
Christlich-Demokratische Union Deutschlands (Christian Democratic Union of Germany) [1945-1952, 1989-1990]
Demokratische Bauernpartei Deutschlands (Democratic Farmers' Party of Germany) [1948-1989]
Liberal-Demokratische Partei Deutschlands (Liberal Democratic Party of Germany) [1950-1988]
Liberal-Demokratische Partei Deutschlands (Liberal Democratic Party of Germany) [1945-1949, 1989-1990]
National-Demokratische Partei Deutschlands (National Democratic Party of Germany) [1948-1989]
Weimar Republic (1918-1933)
- Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands (Social Democratic Party of Germany)
- Deutsche Zentrumspartei (German Centre Party)
- Deutsche Volkspartei (German People's Party)
Deutsche Demokratische Partei (German Democratic Party) [1918-1930]
Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands (Communist Party of Germany) [1918/1919-1925]
Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands (Communist Party of Germany) [after 1925]
Deutschnationale Volkspartei (German National People's Party)
Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (National Socialist German Workers' Party) [1920-1945]
Unabhängige Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands (Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany) [1917-1931]
Schwarze Front (Black Front) [1930-1934]
Sozialistische Arbeiterpartei Deutschlands (Socialist Workers' Party of Germany) [1931-1945]- Deutsche Staatspartei (German State Party) [1930-1933]
Reichspartei des deutschen Mittelstandes (Reich Party of the German Middle Class) [1920-1932]
Kommunistische Arbeiter-Partei Deutschlands (Communist Workers' Party of Germany) [1920-1932]- Bayerische Volkspartei (Bavarian People's Party)
Christlich-Sozialer Volksdienst (Christian Social People's Service) [1929-1933]
Deutschvölkische Freiheitspartei (German Völkisch Freedom Party) [1922-1924]- Deutsch-Hannoversche Partei (German-Hanoverian Party)
- Deutschsozialistische Partei (German Socialist Party) [1918-1922]
Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (German Workers' Party) [1919-1920]
German Empire (1871-1918)
Nationalliberale Partei (National Liberal Party) [1867-1918]
Freikonservative Partei (Free Conservative Party) [1867-1918]
Deutschkonservative Partei (German Conservative Party) [1876-1918]
Freisinnige Volkspartei (Free-Minded People's Party) [1893-1910]- Deutsche Vaterlandspartei (German Fatherland Party) [1917-1918]
North German Confederation (1867-1870)
German Confederation (1815-1866)
Deutscher Nationalverein (German National Society) [1859-1867]
Think Tanks
Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (Friedrich Ebert Foundation)
Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (Konrad Adenauer Foundation)- Hanns-Seidel-Stiftung (Hanns Seidel Foundation)
Friedrich-Naumann-Stiftung für die Freiheit (Friedrich Naumann Foundation for Freedom)- Rosa-Luxemburg-Stiftung (Rosa Luxemburg Foundation)
- Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung (Heinrich Böll Foundation)
Desiderius-Erasmus-Stiftung (Desiderius Erasmus Foundation)
Institut für Medien‑ und Kommunikationspolitik (Institute for Media and Communication Policy)
Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik (German Institute for International and Security Affairs)
Hirschfeld-Eddy-Stiftung (Hirschfeld Eddy Foundation)- Tradition und Leben (Tradition and Life)
- Die Sozialliberalen (The Social Liberals)
- Christliche Mitte (Christian Centre)
- Aufstehen (Standing Up)
- Schiller-Institut (Schiller Institute)
Transparency International
Atlantic Initiative
List of People
Chancellors of the German Empire
Max von Baden (1918)- Georg von Hertling (1917-1918, Center Party)
Georg Michaelis (1917)
Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg (1909-1917)- Bernhard von Bülow (1900-1909)
Chlodwig zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst (1894-1900)
Leo von Caprivi (1890-1894)- Otto von Bismarck (1867-1890)
Nazi Germany
Head of State
Reichspräsident Großadmiral Karl Dönitz (1945, NSDAP)
Führer und Reichskanzler Adolf Hitler (1934-1945†, NSDAP)
Reichspräsident Generalfieldmarschall Paul von Hindenburg (1933-1934, Non-Partisan)
Reichskanzler
- Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk (1945, NSDAP, as Leading Minister)
Dr. Joseph Goebbels (1945†, NSDAP)- Adolf Hitler (1933-1945†, NSDAP)
Weimar Republic
Reichspräsident
- Reichspräsident Generalfieldmarschall Paul von Hindenburg (1925-1933, Non-Partisan)
Walter Simons (Acting, 1925, Non-partisan)- Hans Luther (Acting, 1925, Non-partisan, DVP-near)
Friedrich Ebert (1918-1925, SPD)
Reichskanzler
Kurt von Schleicher (1932-1933)- Franz von Papen (1932, , Ex-Center Party, DNVP-near)
- Heinrich Brüning (1930-1932, Center Party)
- Hans Luther (1925-1926, DVP-near)
- Wilhelm Marx (1923-1925, 1926-1928, Center Party)
- Gustav Stresemann (1923, German People's Party)
- Wilhelm Cuno (1922-1923)
- Joseph Wirth (1921-1922, Center Party)
- Constantin Fehrenbach (1920-1921, Center Party)
- Hermann Müller (1920, 1928-1930, SPD)
- Gustav Bauer (1919-1920, SPD)
- Philipp Scheidemann (1919, SPD)
- Friedrich Ebert (1918-1919, SPD)
Heads of State of the German Democratic Republic
- Sabine Bergmann-Pohl (1990, CDU)
- Manfred Gerlach (1989-1990, LDPD)
Egon Krenz (1989, SED)
Erich Honecker (1976-1989, SED)
Willi Stoph (1973-1976, SED)
Walter Ulbricht (1960-1973, SED)
Wilhelm Pieck (1946-1960, SED)
Federal Republic of Germany
Bundeskanzler der Bundesrepublik Deutschland
- Konrad Adenauer (1949-1963, CDU, Ex-Center Party)
- Ludwig Erhard (1963-1966, CDU)
- Kurt Georg Kiesinger (1966-1969, CDU)
Willy Brandt (1969-1974, SPD)- Helmut Schmidt (1974-1982, SPD)
Helmut Kohl (1982-1998, CDU)
Gerhard Schröder (1998-2005, SPD)
Angela Merkel (2005-2021, CDU)
Olaf Scholz (2021-, SPD)
Bundespräsident der Bundesrepublik Deutschland
Frank-Walter Steinmeier (2017-, SPD)- Joachim Gauck (2012-2017, Non-partisan)
Christian Wulff (2010-2012, CDU)
Horst Köhler (2004-2010, CDU)- Johannes Rau (1999-2004, SPD)
Roman Herzog (1994-1999, CDU)- Richard von Weizsäcker (1984-1994, CDU)
- Karl Carstens (1979-1984, CDU)
- Walter Scheel (1974-1979, FDP)
- Gustav Heinemann (1969-1974, SPD)
- Heinrich Lübke (1959-1969, CDU)
- Theodor Heuss (1949-1959, FDP)
Vice-Chancellors
German Empire
Weimar Republic
Federal Republic of Germany
Robert Habeck (2021-, Greens)- Olaf Sholz (2018-2021, SPD)
Sigmar Gabriel (2013-2018, SPD)- Philipp Rösler (2011-2013, FDP)
- Guido Westerwelle (2009-2011, FDP)
- Frank-Walter Steinmeier (2007-2009, SPD)
- Franz Müntefering (2005-2007, SPD)
Joschka Fischer (1998-2005, Greens)
Leaders of the opposition (Federal Republic of Germany)
Friedrich Merz (2022-, CDU)
Ralph Brinkhaus (2021-2022, CDU)
Alexander Gauland & 
Alice Weidel (2017-2021, AfD)- Sahra Wagenknecht & Dietmar Bartsch (2015-2017, Die Linke)
Gregor Gysi (2013-2015, Die Linke)- Joachim Poß (2010, SPD)
- Frank-Walter Steinmeier (2009-2013, SPD)
- Guido Westerwelle (2006-2009, FDP)
- Wolfgang Gerhard (2005-2006, FDP)
- Angela Merkel (2002-2005, CDU)
- Friedrich Merz (2000-2002, CDU)
- Wolfgang Schäuble (1998-2000, CDU)
- Rudolf Scharping (1994-1998, SPD)
- Hans-Ulrich Klose (1991-1994, SPD)
- Hans-Jochen Vogel (1983-1991, SPD)
- Herbert Wehner (1982-1983, SPD)
- Helmut Kohl (1976-1982, CDU)
- Karl Carstens (1973-1976, CDU)
- Rainer Barzel (1969-1973, CDU)
- Wolfgang Mischnick (1968-1969, FDP)
- Knut Freiherr von Kühlmann-Stumm (1966-1968, FDP)
- Fritz Erler (1963-1966, SPD)
- Erich Ollenhauer (1952-1963, SPD)
- Kurt Schumacher (1949-1952, SPD)
Ministers president & Mayors of German states
Baden-Württemberg
Seats in the Landtag
- Bündnis 90/Die Grünen Baden-Württemberg (58)
- CDU Baden-Württemberg (42)
- SPD Baden-Württemberg (19)
- FDP Baden-Württemberg (18)
- AfD Baden-Württemberg (17)
Minister presidents
Winfried Kretschmann (2011-, Die Grünen)
Stefan Mappus (2010-2011, CDU)
Günther Oettinger (2005-2010, CDU)- Erwin Teufel (1991-2005, CDU)
- Lothar Späth (1978-1991, CDU)
Hans Filbinger (1966-1978, CDU)- Kurt Georg Kiesinger (1958-1966, CDU)
- Gebhard Müller (1953-1958, CDU)
- Reinhard Maier (1952-1953, FDP)
Bavaria
Seats in the Landtag
- CSU (85)
- Bündnis 90/Die Grünen Bayern (38)
- Freie Wähler Bayern (27)
- AfD Bayern (22)
- BayernSPD (22)
- FDP Bayern (18)
Minister presidents
- Markus Söder (2018-, CSU)
- Horst Seehofer (2008-2018, CSU)
Günther Beckstein (2007-2008, CSU)- Edmund Stoiber (1993-2007, CSU)
- Max Streibl (1988-1993, CSU)
- Franz Josef Strauß (1978-1988, CSU)
- Alfons Goppel (1962-1978, CSU)
- Hans Ehard (1960-1962, CSU)
- Hanns Seidel (1957-1960, CSU)
Wilhelm Hoegner (1954-1957, SPD)- Hans Ehard (1946-1954, CSU)
- Wilhelm Hoegner (1945-1946, SPD, appointed by the
US)
Berlin
- Kal Wegner (2023-, CDU)
- Franziska Giffey (2021-2023, SPD, election 2021 was the only election that isn't valid)
- Michael Müller (2014-2021, SPD)
Klaus Wowereit (2001-2014, SPD)- Eberhard Diepgen (1991-2001, CDU)
- Walter Momper and Tino Schwierzina (1990-1991, SPD)
West Berlin
- Walter Momper (1989-1990, SPD)
- Eberhard Diepgen (1984-1989, CDU)
- Richard von Weizsäcker (1981-1984, CDU)
- Hans-Jochen Vogel (1981, SPD)
- Dietrich Stobbe (1977-1981, SPD)
- Klaus Schütz (1967-1977, SPD)
- Heinrich Albertz (1966-1967, SPD)
- Willy Brandt (1957-1966, SPD)
- Otto Suhr (1955-1957, SPD)
- Walther Schreiber (1953-1955, CDU)
- Ernst Reuther (1948-1955, SPD)
- Louise Schroeder (1947-1948, SPD, interim)
- Otto Ostrowski (1946-1947, SPD)
Arthur Werner (1946-1947, non-partisan, appointed by the 
USSR)
Brandenburg
- Dietmar Woidke (2013-, SPD)
- Matthias Platzeck (2002-2013, SPD)
- Manfred Stolpe (1990-2002, SPD)
- Jochen Wolf (1990, SPD)
- Rudolf Jahn (1949-1952, SED)
- Karl Steinhoff (1945-1949, SED, appointed by the USSR)
Bremen
- Andreas Bovenschulte (2019-, SPD)
- Carsten Sieling (2015-2019, SPD)
- Jens Böhrnsen (2005-2015, SPD)
- Henning Scherf (1995-2005, SPD)
- Klaus Wedemeier (1985-1995, SPD)
- Hans Koschnick (1967-1985, SPD)
- Willy Dehnkamp (1965-1967, SPD)
- Wilhelm Kaisen (1945-1965, SPD, appointed by the US but elected in 1946)
- Erich Vagts (1945, DNVP, appointed by the US)
Hamburg
Peter Tschentscher (2018-, SPD)- Olaf Scholz (2011-2018, SPD)
- Christoph Ahlhaus (2010-2011, CDU)
Ole von Beust (2001-2010, CDU)- Ortwin Runde (1997-2001, SPD)
Henning Voscherau (1988-1997, SPD)- Klaus von Dohnanyi (1981-1988, SPD)
- Hans-Ulrich Klose (1974-1981, SPD)
- Peter Schulz (1971-1974, SPD)
- Herbert Weichmann (1965-1971, SPD)
- Paul Nevermann (1961-1965, SPD)
- Max Brauer (1957-1960, SPD)
- Kurt Sieveking (1953-1957, CDU)
- Max Brauer (1946-1953, SPD)
- Rudolf Petersen (1945-1946, CDU, appointed by the
UK)
Hesse
- Boris Rhein (2022-, CDU)
- Volker Bouffier (2010-2022, CDU)
- Roland Koch (1999-2010, CDU)
- Hans Eichel (1991-1999, SPD)
- Walter Wallmann (1987-1991, CDU)
- Holger Börner (1976-1987, SPD)
- Albert Osswald (1969-1976, SPD)
- Georg August Zinn (1950-1969, SPD)
- Christian Stock (1946-1950, SPD)
Karl Geiler (1945-1946, DDP (Pre-War), Non-Partisan (Post-War), appointed by the US)
Lower Saxony
Stephan Weil (2013-, SPD)
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
- Manuela Schwesig (2017-, SPD)
- Erwin Sellering (2008-2017, SPD)
- Harald Ringstorff (1998-2008, SPD)
- Bernd Seite (1992-1998, CDU)
- Alfred Gomolka (1990-1992, CDU)
- Bernhard Quandt (1951-1952, SED)
- Kurt Bürger (1951, SED)
- Wilhelm Höcker (1945-1951, SPD, appointed by the USSR)
North Rhine-Westphalia
- Hendrik Wüst (2021-, CDU)
Armin Laschet (2017-2021, CDU)
Rhineland-Palatinate
- Malu Dreyer (2013-, SPD)
Saarland
- Anke Rehlinger (2022-, SPD)
Saxony
- Michael Kretschmer (2017-, CDU)
Saxony-Anhalt
- Reiner Haseloff (2011-, CDU)
Schleswig-Holstein
- Daniel Günther (2017-, CDU)
Thuringia
Bodo Ramelow (2020-, Die Linke)- Thomas Kemmerich (2020 (2 Days), FDP)
- Bodo Ramelow (2014-2020, Die Linke)
- Christine Lieberknecht (2009-2014, CDU)
- Dieter Althaus (2003-2009, CDU)
- Bernhard Vogel (1992-2003, CDU)
- Joseph Duchac (1990-1992, CDU)
- Werner Eggerath (1947-1952, SED)
- Rudolf Paul (1945-1947, SED, appointed by the USSR)
- Herrmann Brill (1945, SPD, appointed by the US)
Notes
† : Committed Suicide
