Enlightenment Thought

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The Enlightenment was born some time in the late 17th century and is the ancestor of many, many ideologies. They are a broad ideology used to represent ideas of the Age of Enlightenment. Although their biggest contribution to the world was to give birth to Republicanism and Classical Liberalism, they also caused the separation of church and state and went against tyranny. Their ideas promoted individual liberty, progress, fraternity, and tolerance.

"The public use of a man's reason must be free at all times, and this alone can bring enlightenment among men..."

Enlightenment parented Classical Liberalism in the early 18th century, as the concept of the invisible hand and free-market ideas were created. Classical Liberalism was then the parent of most free-market ideologies.

Enlightenment also gave birth to the modern republican ideals who led to the creation of the Society of the Friends of the Constitution, from which originated Jacobinism, the predominant political force in the French revolution. Jacobinism later would form the basic blocks of Socialism.

Ingsoc, at some point, travelled back in time and had a child with Enlightenment. This created Illuminatism.

They also had a child with Agrarianism called Physiocracy, who would in turn become the parent of Georgism.

And, for last, at the start of the 20th century, they had a child with Austrian School, Neo-Enlightenment.

History

Variants

  Kantianism

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  Cartesianism

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  Diderotianism

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  Hegelianism

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  Montesquieuanism

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  Rousseauism

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  Sadism

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  Spinozism

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  Voltairianism

Voltaire perceived the French bourgeoisie to be too small and ineffective, the aristocracy to be parasitic and corrupt, the commoners as ignorant and superstitious, and the Church as a static and oppressive force useful only on occasion as a counterbalance to the rapacity of kings, although all too often, even more rapacious itself. Voltaire distrusted democracy, which he saw as propagating the idiocy of the masses. Voltaire long thought only an enlightened monarch could bring about change, given the social structures of the time and the extremely high rates of illiteracy, and that it was in the king's rational interest to improve the education and welfare of his subjects. But his disappointments and disillusions with Frederick the Great changed his philosophy somewhat, and soon gave birth to one of his most enduring works, his novella Candide, ou l'Optimisme (Candide, or Optimism, 1759), which ends with a new conclusion of quietism: "It is up to us to cultivate our garden." His most polemical and ferocious attacks on intolerance and religious persecutions indeed began to appear a few years later. Candide was also burned, and Voltaire jokingly claimed the actual author was a certain 'Demad' in a letter, where he reaffirmed the main polemical stances of the text.

  Harringtonism

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  Louvertureanism

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  Radishchevism

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  Yun Chi-ho Thought

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Personality and Behaviour

Enlightenment within the comics is usually portrayed as a stereotypical enlightened thinker.

How to Draw

An Enlightenment wig is an encouraged accessory

Candle Design

 
Flag of Enlightenment Thought (Candle design)
  1. Draw a ball with eyes
  2. Draw a candle handle
  3. Draw a candle which is glowing on the handle

And you're done

Color Name HEX RGB
White #FFFFFF 255, 255, 255
Yellow #FFF200 255, 242, 0
Red #ED131F 237, 19, 31
Black #141414 20, 20, 20
Grey #5A5A5A 90, 90, 90
Light Grey #C4C4C4 196, 196, 196


Relationships

Illuminated

Gray Area

Left in the dark

  •   Counter-Enlightenment -   OW, you darkness, you dark, midnight, evil motherf***er, OW, dark ages, darkness! You're all darkness, you're f***ing delirious motherf***er, OW!
  •   Reactionaryism - You're not getting rid of my ideas that easily.
  •   Reactionary Modernism - WHAT, NO! WHY! Nooooo technology and reactionary thought are incompatible!!! You also need to see the light in a literal way.
  •   Feudalism - Lol feudalism is no more.
  •   Mercantilism - Same for you except for your   modern version which is my great-great-grandson?
  •   Absolute Monarchism - One of my biggest enemies.
  •   Frankfurt School - Oh come on! I am not a totalitarian!
  •   Carlism - Bites the dust!   Oh wait...
  •   Black Hundredism - Another one bites the dust!   Oh wait again...
  •   Integralism - Get real, dude, your time is over.
    •     Every day the society of today gets worse for the average man, the closer you are to death. Cease peddling false light. 
  •   Ilminism - Illuminism, not Ilminism!
    •    Hey, it's not my fault that my name is Ilminism in English! 

Further Information

Wikipedia

Literature

  • Pierre Gassendi and the Birth of Early Modern Philosophy by Pierre Gassendi (1655)
  • Maxims by François de La Rochefoucauld (1662)
  • Pensees by Blaise Pascal (1670)
  • Some Considerations of the Consequences of the Lowering of Interest and the Raising the Value of Money by   John Locke (1691)
  • Discourses Concerning Government by Algernon Sidney (1698)
  • The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public Benefits by Bernard Mandeville (1714)
  • Philosophical Selections by Nicolas Malebranche (1715)
  • Cato's Letters by John Trenchard and Thomas Gordon (1720)
  • The New Science by Giambattista Vico (1725)
  • An Inquiry into the Original of Our Ideas of Beauty and Virtue by Francis Hutcheson (1725)
  • An Essay on the Nature and Conduct of the Passions and Affections, with Illustrations on the Moral Sense by Francis Hutcheson (1728)
  • Letters Concerning the English by   Voltaire (1734)
  • Machine Man and Other Writings by Julien Offray de La Mettrie (1747)
  • The Spirit of the Laws by Baron de Montesquieu (1748)
  • The Law of Nations Treated According to the Scientific Method by Christian Wolff (1754)
  • A System of Moral Philosophy by Francis Hutcheson (1755)
  • An Essay on Economic Theory: Essay on the Nature of Trade in General by Richard Cantillon (1755)
  • A Review of the Principal Questions in Morals by Richard Price (1758)
  • De L'esprit, Or, Essays On the Mind, and Its Several Faculties by Claude Adrien Helvétius (1758)
  • Essays: Moral, Political and Literary by   David Hume (1758)
  • Christianity Unveiled by Baron d'Holbach (1761)
  • Lectures on Justice, Police, Revenue and Arms by   Adam Smith (1763)
  • Classical Republican in Eighteenth-Century France by Gabriel Bonnot de Mably (1763)
  • On Crimes and Punishments by Cesare Beccaria (1764)
  • An Essay on the History of Civil Society by Adam Ferguson (1767)
  • An Essay on the First Principles of Government, and on the Nature of Political, Civil, and Religious Liberty by Joseph Priestley (1768)
  • The Sacred Contagion: The Natural History of Superstition by Baron d'Holbach (1768)
  • System of Nature by Baron d'Holbach (1770)
  • Good Sense Without God: The Revolutionary Treatise on Free Thought by Baron d'Holbach (1772)
  • Encyclopedic Liberty by Denis Diderot, Henry C. Clark, and Jean le Rond d'Alembert (1751-1772)
  • Commerce and Government: Considered in Their Mutual Relationship by Étienne Bonnot de Condillac (1776)
  • A Treatise Concerning Civil Government by Josiah Tucker (1781)
  • Dangerous Liaisons by Pierre Choderlos De Laclos (1782)
  • Political Writings by Denis Diderot (1784)
  • Condorcet: Political Writings by Nicolas de Condorcet (1788-1794)
  • Logic by Immanuel Kant and Gottlob Benjamin Jäsche (1800)
  • Observations on the Feeling of the Beautiful and Sublime and Other Writings by   Immanuel Kant (1764)
  • Kant’s Critical Philosophy: The Doctrine of the Faculties by Gilles Deleuze (1967)
  • Kant and Political Philosophy: The Contemporary Legacy by Ronald Beiner and William James Booth (1993)
  • Encyclopedia of the Enlightenment by Alan Charles Kors (1815)

Gallery


  1. ↑ Around the time Sade left prison, all titles of nobility were abolished.

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