Social Authoritarianism

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Social Authoritarianism is an economically center-left, authoritarian, and culturally variable ideology that advocates a strictly regulated capitalist economy with a strong welfare state and (sometimes) trade unions, but, unlike Social Democracy, has no democracy.

History

Germany

Main Articles: Bismarckism and Social Democracy

WIP

Poland

Main Article: Paternalistic Conservatism

WIP

Belarus

WIP

Albania

  • Ramiz Alia: Ramiz Alia could be seen as Social Authoritarian as he gradually shifted the Party of Labour of Albania from Hoxhaism to social democracy during his rule and de jure ending, but de facto keeping the one party system until his resignation in 1992. Now Socialist Party of Albania (PLA's successor) is a typical social democratic party.

The United States

Main Articles: Social Liberalism, Bull Moose Progressivism and Longism

WIP

Brazil

  • Getulio Vargas - He took power in 1930 after a military coup. He was in power from 1930 to 1945 and was re-elected in 1950 and committed suicide in 1954. His government was inspired by fascism and also corporatism in certain times while at other times he would align himself to more left-wing ideals, he would generally push for more left-wing policies such as raising the minimum wage, lowering work hours and creating holidays and the weekend break, he would however also persecute worker movements throughout the country and put unions under control of the state, he would also create several state companies, such as Petrobras, and create the CLT (Consolidation of labor laws). Vargas would also centralize power onto himself, persecute his opposition, and created a cult of personality around himself
  • Ernesto Geisel - Ernesto Geisel assumed the presidency in 1974 in the Brazilian military dictatorship. His government caught Brazil in the middle of the oil shock, but it still implemented social measures and state funding. Even though he loosened authoritarianism, he still continued to torture Communists and executed 100 opponents.

Paraguay

  • Rafael Franco - He came to power after the overthrow of the Ayala government in 1936 and came out of power a year later. His government was marked by labor reforms, the creation of state-owned companies and banks, land reform and a base price for essential commodities. In March 1936, Franco banned all political parties and proclaimed that the February revolution will follow the totalitarian regimes of Europe.

Argentina

Main Article: Peronism

WIP

Peru

WIP

Palestine

  • Fatah - Fatah is a Palestinian party that emerged in 1965 (actually it emerged in 1959, but as a movement, not a party), which preaches a Social Democratic economy, Secularism and Militarism.

Tunisia

W.I.P

Iraq

Main Article: Ba'athism

WIP

India

WIP

Thailand

  • Thaksin Shinawatra: Thaksin Shinawatra is a Thai billionaire, the founder of mobile phone operator Advanced info service and IT and telecommunications conglomerate Shin Corporation, a former police officer, the founder of Thai Rak Thai Party (TRT), who served as the Prime Minister of Thailand from 2001 to 2006. Thaksin ran on a populist platform and during his tenure launched programs to reduce poverty, expand infrastructure, promote small and medium-sized enterprises, and extend universal healthcare coverage.

Thaksin and his government did however show authoritarian tendencies on multiple occasions. He declared a "war on drugs" in which more than 2,500 people were killed and took a strong-arm approach against the separatist insurgency in the Muslim southern provinces. Thaksin also got his country involved in the Iraq War following the US-led invasion of Iraq. Thailand contributed 423 non-combat troops in August 2003 to nation-building and medical assistance in post-Saddam Iraq. Troops of the Royal Thai Army were attacked in the 2003 Karbala bombings, which killed two soldiers and wounded five others. However, the Thai mission in Iraq was considered an overall success, and Thailand withdrew its forces in August 2004. The mission was considered the main reason the United States decided to designate Thailand as a major non-NATO ally in 2003.

A citizens' movement against Thaksin, called the People's Alliance for Democracy or "Yellow Shirts", launched mass protests, accusing him of corruption, abuse of power, and autocratic tendencies.

Thaksin was overthrown in a military coup on 19 September 2006 and was barred from all political activity. He has continued to influence Thai politics from abroad through the Pheu Thai Party, as well as the United Front for Democracy Against Dictatorship or the "Red Shirt" movement which challenges the power of the Military Dictatorship and aims for greater democracy and justice in Thai politics. His younger sister Yingluck Shinawatra was the prime minister of Thailand from 2011 to 2014 until she too was ousted in a military coup.

Cambodia

WIP

Malaysia

Mahathir Mohamad: In 1981, Mahathir was sworn in as prime minister following the resignation of Hussein Onn. During Mahathir's first tenure as prime minister, Malaysia experienced a period of rapid modernization and economic growth, and his government initiated widespread industry privatization and a series of bold infrastructure projects. Mahathir was accused of several allegations, which are:

  • Dictatorship: He used the controversial Internal Security Act (now repealed) to detain activists, non-mainstream religious figures, and political opponents in Operation Lalang (1987) and later his Deputy Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim, whom he fired in 1998. Mahathir's record of curbing civil liberties and his antagonism towards Western interests and economic policy made his relationships with Western nations difficult. He was also responsible for the eventual removal of the Lord President of the Supreme Court, Tun Salleh Abas, triggering the 1988 Constitutional Crisis.
  • Anti-Semitism: A strident critic of Israel, Mahathir has been accused of antisemitism since at least as far back as in The Malay Dilemma in which he wrote that "Jews are not merely hook-nosed, but understand money instinctively". Apart from claiming that Jews control the international media, economy and "ruling the world by proxy" and getting "others to fight and die for them", besides disputing the number of Jews killed in The Holocaust.
  • Racism: Apart for his controversial statements on the Chinese and the Indian communities in his book The Malay Dilemma despite being of Indian-Muslim descent from Kerala, India, he further said of Najib; "a prime minister who came from 'Bugis pirates' is now leading Malaysia". He remarked, "go back to Sulawesi", which aroused discontent from the Bugis descendants in Malaysia and Indonesia who protested against him, including the royal members of Selangor and Johor.

After quitting UMNO for the second and last time due to his dissatisfaction towards Najib Razak, Mahathir established a new party named "Malaysian United Indigenous Party" (PPBM) and co-operated with former parties from Pakatan Rakyat to form Pakatan Harapan, which the coalition won in the 14th General Elections in 2018. Despite being appointed as the Prime Minister of Malaysia for the second time, his views on ethnicity, Islam and Jews, remain unchanged.

In February 2020, developments commonly nicknamed the Sheraton Move (Malay: Langkah Sheraton) which involved Parliament members from Barisan Nasional, Gabungan Parti Sarawak, Parti Islam Se-Malaysia and the "Cartel faction" led by Azmin Ali from Parti Keadilan Rakyat saw the ousting of the elected Pakatan Harapan government and the resignation of Mahathir, after 22 months in power. They were replaced with the Perikatan Nasional government under Prime Minister Muhyiddin Yassin. After being sacked from his own party months later, he later formed a new political party, named "Homeland Fighters' Party" (PEJUANG).

Philippines

  • Rodrigo Duterte - Rodrigo Duterte reached the presidency of the Philippines in 2016. In the presidency, he has impacted an economic system of cooperatives between public-private companies, also preaches increased annual spending on infrastructure and a State Capitalist economy with Welfare.

Indonesia

Main Article: Pancasila

WIP

China

Main Articles: Dengism and Maoism

  • Bo Xilai: Bo Xilai is a Chinese former politician who was convicted on bribery and embezzlement charges. Bo Xilai served as a member of the Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and Communist Party Secretary of Chongqing from 2007 until his arrest in 2012.

As Communist Party Secretary of Chongqing, Bo Xilai initiated a campaign against organized crime, increased spending on welfare programs, maintained consistent double-digit percentage GDP growth, and campaigned to revive Cultural Revolution-era "red culture". Bo's promotion of egalitarian values and the achievements of his Chongqing model made him the champion of the Chinese New Left, composed of both Maoists and social democrats disillusioned with the country's market-based economic reforms and increasing economic inequality.

From 2009 to 2011 Bo Xilai and Police Chief Wang Lijun oversaw the "Chongqing Gang Trials" (or "Dahei Campaign") in which a total of 4,781 suspects were arrested, including 19 suspected crime bosses, hundreds of triad members, and a number of allegedly corrupt police, government, and Communist party officials. The Chongqing Gang Trials were heavily criticized for their lack of due process and for the arrests of innocents for political gain and suppression of dissent.

As part of Bo Xilai and Wang Lijun's war on crime to maintain social and political stability in Chongqing, a major electronic surveillance operation that involved wiretaps, eavesdropping, and monitoring of the internet communications was initiated with the help of Fang Binxing, the father of the Great Firewall. The eavesdropping operations did not only target local criminals, but also the communications of top Chinese leaders, including those of the CCP General Secretary Hu Jintao, as Bo Xilai tried to monitor nearly all central leaders who had visited Chongqing to better understand what they thought of him as he was set on being promoted to the Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.

Bo Xilai's political fortunes would come to an abrupt end following the Wang Lijun incident, in which his top lieutenant sought asylum at the American consulate in Chengdu with information about the involvement of Bo Xilai and his wife Gu Kailai in the murder of British businessman Neil Heywood who had financial ties to the couple. In the fallout of the Wang Lijun Incident, Bo was removed as the CCP Committee secretary of Chongqing and was expelled from the Communist Party. In 2013, Bo was found guilty of corruption, embezzlement, and was stripped of all his assets, and sentenced to life imprisonment at Qincheng Prison.

Basque Country

  • "Señor X"- Felipe Gonzaléz is a Spanish politician who was the General-Secretary of the Spanish Socialist Workers Party (PSOE) from 1974 to 1997 and Prime Minister of Spain from 1982 to 1996. Although he was a social democrat and governed democratically in most regions of Spain, in the Basque Country region he had a rather authoritarian attitude, where under the nickname "Señor X" he secretly created the "GAL", which were police death squads with the aim of destroying the terrorist organization ETA. The GAL became very infamous for murdering various political opponents and terrorizing the Basque population.


Kazakhstan

  • Kassym-Jomart Tokayev: Kassym-Jomart Tokayev is a Kazakh politician and diplomat who is currently serving as the President of Kazakhstan since 12 June 2019 following the resignation of the country's former President and dictator Nursultan Nazarbayev.

Throughout his presidency, he has enacted several reforms including increasing workers' salaries, reducing corruption, abolishing capital punishment, and decentralizing the local government.

Despite some positive reforms Tokayev's government has maintained much of Nazarbayev's authoritarianism. This was seen during the 2022 Kazakh unrest, also known as "Bloody january", when a series of massive protests broke out in Kazakstan after a sudden sharp increase in liquefied gas prices following the lifting of a government-enforced price cap on 1 January 2022. The demonstrations quickly turned into violent riots, fueled by rising dissatisfaction with the government and economic inequality. Tokayev responded with a state of emergency and called for military intervention by the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) – a military alliance consisting of Russia and other former Soviet States. Tokayev ordered troops to use deadly force against protesters, authorizing instructions to "shoot to kill" without warning at anyone demonstrating, calling protesters "bandits and terrorists." Up to 227 people were killed and several thousand were arrested.

After a week of violent unrest and brutal crackdowns, President Tokayev promised reform and acknowledged public discontent over income inequality, and informed that the vehicle gas prices caps of 50 tenge per litre had been restored for 6 months.

Russia

WIP

Tajikistan

WIP

How to Draw

Flag of Social Authoritarianism

the flag of Social Authoritarianism is the same as the flag of Social Democracy, but with a black V-shaped pattern on it, which in polcompball symbolizes authoritarianism.

  1. Draw a ball
  2. Draw 2 black diagonal lines at the sides
  3. Fill the outsides in black and the inside in red
  4. Draw a white rose in the red portion

Add the eyes and you're done!

Relationships

Friends

Frenemies

  • Nordic Model - The liberal part is kinda stupid.
  • Venizelism - Same as above.
  • Social Democracy - The democracy part is kinda stupid.
  • Democratic Socialism - You're doing better job than your brother, but "democracy" part is still dumb.
  • File:Progress.png Progressivism - Apparently he likes you. You're ok I guess.
  • Conservatism - Meh, sure, whatever.
  • Social Liberalism - To moderate, but FDR was based.
  • Neoconservatism - Truman and LBJ were based AF. The Marshall Plan was a brilliant idea to protect Europe from the rise of communism. However, you really need to stop attempting to coup every leader of the third world who tries to nationalize the country's resources for his people. What you did to Mosaddegh among others was unforgivable. At least Thaksin and Shevardnadze like you.
  • Corporatism - Why are you fascist?
  • Social Libertarianism - You're on thin ice.
  • Juche - Based, but the part that doesn't give out welfare is really dumb.
  • State Liberalism - Capitalism and Authoritarianism are both pretty cool, but calm it with the neoliberalism a bit, also why do you hate me?
  • Authoritarian Conservatism - We can be great partners except when you team up with neoliberals.
  • Authoritarian Capitalism - We both want an authoritarian capitalist government and share hatred for communism and democracy, but why do you hate poor people so much?!
  • Dengism - Same as above but a bit better because of the state-controlled economy. At least Duterte likes you plus I love what you're doing in Shanghai.
  • Network Monarchism - Things have not been the same in Thailand since Thaksin's Premiership, that's for sure.
  • Fascism - Look, I know we both have similar economics and both authoritarian. He tells me not to trust you.
  • Third Way - Civically and economicially too moderate, but at least both Blair and Clinton increased police power. But Thaksin was perfect.

Enemies

Further Information

Wikipedia

People

Parties

Gallery

  1. ↑ Referring the people who are affiliated with traditional social liberal or social democratic parties but with social authoritarian tendencies
  2. ↑ https://edition.cnn.com/2016/09/30/asia/duterte-hitler-comparison/index.html
  3. ↑ https://www.upi.com/Archives/1995/11/27/Belarus-leader-defends-Hitler-praise/9348817448400/
  4. ↑ The latter term is a political derogatory term in Thailand created by anti-Thaksin activist, Dr Teerayut Bunmee of the Faculty of Sociology and Anthropology, Thammasat University.
  5. ↑ There are several conspiracy theories circulating in Thailand that Thaksin Shinawatra was the reincarnation of King Taksin the Great, who seek revenge towards the Chakri Dynasty for overthrowing him during the Thonburi era
  6. ↑ https://journals.open.tudelft.nl/iphs/article/download/2722/2933/7660

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