Particracy: Difference between revisions
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===[[File:Twoparti.png]] Two-Party Systems=== |
===[[File:Twoparti.png]] Two-Party Systems=== |
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Another way in which particracy has been historically and still currently implemented is in the form of a '''Two-Party System'''. Two-party systems are systems where two parties (usually one broadly left-leaning and one broadly right-leaning) dominate the political landscape, with power shifting back and forth between both. While other parties often hold some seats in the legislature, they are unlikely to be a significant enough bloc, with coalition governments being rare. Countries like the [[File:Cball-US.png]] United States are extreme examples where third party or independent representatives are almost non-existent at both the federal and state level. This has resulted in both parties having different ideological factions in the hopes of somewhat increasing political diversity and having a more broad appeal. This is usually the result of a traditional first-past-the-post voting system, where high amounts of tactical voting due to it being a plurality-based system will result in most people only voting for one of the two parties (otherwise known as Duverger's law), but this isn't necessarily the case; two-party systems or characteristics of a two-party system can also sometimes be found in other voting systems, that is proportional systems, due to the rule of Gibbard’s theorem that if a deterministic voting rule is neither dictatorial nor susceptible to tactical voting, it must limit the possible outcomes to two (relevant) alternatives only. Prominent examples of two-party systems are the US [[File:Demcr.png]] [[Big Tent Liberalism|Democratic]]/[[File:RepubUS.png]] [[Conservatism|Republican Party |
Another way in which particracy has been historically and still currently implemented is in the form of a '''Two-Party System'''. Two-party systems are systems where two parties (usually one broadly left-leaning and one broadly right-leaning) dominate the political landscape, with power shifting back and forth between both. While other parties often hold some seats in the legislature, they are unlikely to be a significant enough bloc, with coalition governments being rare. Countries like the [[File:Cball-US.png]] United States are extreme examples where third party or independent representatives are almost non-existent at both the federal and state level. This has resulted in both parties having different ideological factions in the hopes of somewhat increasing political diversity and having a more broad appeal. This is usually the result of a traditional first-past-the-post voting system, where high amounts of tactical voting due to it being a plurality-based system will result in most people only voting for one of the two parties (otherwise known as Duverger's law), but this isn't necessarily the case; two-party systems or characteristics of a two-party system can also sometimes be found in other voting systems, that is proportional systems, due to the rule of Gibbard’s theorem that if a deterministic voting rule is neither dictatorial nor susceptible to tactical voting, it must limit the possible outcomes to two (relevant) alternatives only. Prominent examples of two-party systems are the US [[File:Demcr.png]] [[Big Tent Liberalism|Democratic]]/[[File:RepubUS.png]] [[Conservatism|Republican Party]], the Canadian [[File:TrudeauLib.png]] [[Social Liberalism|Liberal]]/[[File:CanadaConservative.png]] [[Neoconservatism|Conservative Party]], and the Australian [[File:LiberalParty.png]] [[Conservative Liberalism|Liberal]]/[[File:ALP.png]] [[Social Democracy|Labor]] [[Third Way|Party]] (in the House of Representatives). |
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====[[File:Parti.png]] Codominant-Party System==== |
====[[File:Parti.png]] Codominant-Party System==== |
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A '''Codominant-Party System''' is when the same several, usually two, parties dominate politics for a long time. It can be seen as a weaker, informal version of the two-party system, in other words, the case where two-party systems or characteristics of a two-party system are found in other voting systems, that is proportional systems, due to the rule of Gibbard’s theorem that if a deterministic voting rule is neither dictatorial nor susceptible to tactical voting, it must limit the possible outcomes to two (relevant) alternatives only. Examples include the UK [[File:Con-t.png]] [[Conservatism|Conservative]]/[[File:UKLab.png]] [[Social Democracy|Labour]] [[Third Way|Party]], the Australian [[File:LiberalParty.png]] [[Conservative Liberalism|Liberal]]/[[File:ALP.png]] [[Social Democracy|Labor]] [[Third Way|Party]] (in the Senate), the New Zealand [[File:LabourNZ-icon.png]] [[Social Democracy|Labour]]/[[File:NationalNZ-icon.png]] [[Liberal Conservatism|National Party]], the South Korean [[File:PeoplePowerParty.png]] [[National Conservatism|People Power Party]]/[[File:DemocraticPartyKorea.png]] [[Big Tent Liberalism|Democratic Party of Korea]], the Taiwanese [[File:DPP-Taiwan.png]] [[National Liberalism|Democratic Progressive Party]]/[[File:RevRightKMT.png]] [[Tridemism|Kuomintang]], and the Spanish [[File:PSOE.png]] [[Social Democracy|Spanish Socialist Workers' Party]]/[[File:SpaPP.png]] [[Liberal Conservatism|People's Party]]. |
A '''Codominant-Party System''' is when the same several, usually two, parties dominate politics for a long time. It can be seen as a weaker, informal version of the two-party system, in other words, the case where two-party systems or characteristics of a two-party system are found in other voting systems, that is proportional systems, due to the rule of Gibbard’s theorem that if a deterministic voting rule is neither dictatorial nor susceptible to tactical voting, it must limit the possible outcomes to two (relevant) alternatives only. Examples include the UK [[File:Con-t.png]] [[Conservatism|Conservative]]/[[File:UKLab.png]] [[Social Democracy|Labour]] [[Third Way|Party]], the Australian [[File:LiberalParty.png]] [[Conservative Liberalism|Liberal]]/[[File:ALP.png]] [[Social Democracy|Labor]] [[Third Way|Party]] (in the Senate), the New Zealand [[File:LabourNZ-icon.png]] [[Social Democracy|Labour]]/[[File:NationalNZ-icon.png]] [[Liberal Conservatism|National Party]], the South Korean [[File:PeoplePowerParty.png]] [[National Conservatism|People Power Party]]/[[File:DemocraticPartyKorea.png]] [[Big Tent Liberalism|Democratic Party of Korea]], the Taiwanese [[File:DPP-Taiwan.png]] [[National Liberalism|Democratic Progressive Party]]/[[File:RevRightKMT.png]] [[Tridemism|Kuomintang]], and the Spanish [[File:PSOE.png]] [[Social Democracy|Spanish Socialist Workers' Party]]/[[File:SpaPP.png]] [[Liberal Conservatism|People's Party]]. |
Revision as of 04:16, 7 July 2024
Not to be confused with Patriarchy.
"The two great political parties of the nation have existed for the purpose, each in accordance with its own principles, of undertaking to serve the interests of the whole nation. Their members of the Congress are chosen with that great end in view."
Particracy or Rule of the Parties is a government system in which political power is concentrated within political parties. The term is usually a pejorative against representative democracies in which the representatives are not seen as actually representing their constituents or those who voted for them but rather the interests of the political parties they belong to.
Although advocacy for a particracy could be seen as being something one could unironically advocate for, in the form of a one-party state (vanguardism).
Conceptions
One-Party States
One way in which particracy has been historically implemented is in the form of a One-Party State. This is also the only form of particracy that is likely to be sincerely advocated for. One-party states are states governed by one major political party, and all other parties are either banned or hold little power. While one-party states have been led by parties of many different ideologies, some of the most common examples are countries led by Marxist-Leninist (such as the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, the Communist Party of China, and the Communist Party of Cuba), Ba'athist or fascist (such as the Nazi Party of Germany, the National Fascist Party of Italy, and the Fatherland Front Party of Austria) parties.
Dominant-Party System
A Dominant-Party System is when one party dominates politics for a long time, allowing some degree of controlled opposition. It can be seen as a weaker, informal version of the one-party state, however, the systems they operate in are still nominally democratic and the party can be replaced, but it is usually very hard. Examples include People's Action Party of Singapore, Institutional Revolutionary Party of Mexico (historically), FIDESZ, and Law and Justice Party.
Two-Party Systems
Another way in which particracy has been historically and still currently implemented is in the form of a Two-Party System. Two-party systems are systems where two parties (usually one broadly left-leaning and one broadly right-leaning) dominate the political landscape, with power shifting back and forth between both. While other parties often hold some seats in the legislature, they are unlikely to be a significant enough bloc, with coalition governments being rare. Countries like the United States are extreme examples where third party or independent representatives are almost non-existent at both the federal and state level. This has resulted in both parties having different ideological factions in the hopes of somewhat increasing political diversity and having a more broad appeal. This is usually the result of a traditional first-past-the-post voting system, where high amounts of tactical voting due to it being a plurality-based system will result in most people only voting for one of the two parties (otherwise known as Duverger's law), but this isn't necessarily the case; two-party systems or characteristics of a two-party system can also sometimes be found in other voting systems, that is proportional systems, due to the rule of Gibbard’s theorem that if a deterministic voting rule is neither dictatorial nor susceptible to tactical voting, it must limit the possible outcomes to two (relevant) alternatives only. Prominent examples of two-party systems are the US Democratic/ Republican Party, the Canadian Liberal/ Conservative Party, and the Australian Liberal/ Labor Party (in the House of Representatives).
Codominant-Party System
A Codominant-Party System is when the same several, usually two, parties dominate politics for a long time. It can be seen as a weaker, informal version of the two-party system, in other words, the case where two-party systems or characteristics of a two-party system are found in other voting systems, that is proportional systems, due to the rule of Gibbard’s theorem that if a deterministic voting rule is neither dictatorial nor susceptible to tactical voting, it must limit the possible outcomes to two (relevant) alternatives only. Examples include the UK Conservative/ Labour Party, the Australian Liberal/ Labor Party (in the Senate), the New Zealand Labour/ National Party, the South Korean People Power Party/ Democratic Party of Korea, the Taiwanese Democratic Progressive Party/ Kuomintang, and the Spanish Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/ People's Party.
Partitocrazia
Multiparty Democracy
Multiparty Democracy is a form of particracy where the government is in control of multiple political parties.
How to Draw
- Draw a ball.
- Fill it with white.
- Draw the symbol shown on the flag below, which is a half ring alternating between green, red, yellow, blue and black.
- Draw in the eyes.
You're done!
Relations
Friends
- Republicanism - Thanks for creating a platform for me!
- Ingsoc - THE PARTY WOULD LIKE TO REMIND YOU-
- Parliamentarianism - Your Westminster form especially is pretty based.
- Marxism-Leninism - Exporting the one-party system around the world is based.
- Fascism - Another supporter of party dominance.
- Illiberal Democracy - That's more like it...
- Jacobinism - The Original Particrat.
Frenemies
- Democracy - You can be based sometimes but your direct democracy form is ultra cringe.
- Helvetic Model - You still have parties and all, but what the hell is that "popular initiative" bullshit?
- Satirism - You should really cut it out with that 'frivolous party'.
Zelensky's pretty based though.
Enemies
- Washingtonism - Haha 2 party system go GOP/DEM.
- Absolute Monarchism - Why do you ban political parties most of the time?
- Gaddafism - You banned parties and you think you're democratic.
- Metaxism - This idiot banned his own party.
- Lukashenkoism - Why does this non-party despot use the aesthetics of the one-party USSR? I have no idea.
- Ochlocracy - Direct democracy just went mad.
- Anarchism - You want no rule - cringe!
- Post-Leftism - Yep, this is even more cringe.
- Autonomism - He also hates parties and hangs out with him sometimes.
- Autarchy - Every person a state? What the heck?
- Tribalism - Get civilized, you savages.
Further Information
Wikipedia
Examples
Both modern and historical examples are included.
Parties of one-party states
- Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party of Syria
- Arab Socialist Union
- Bulgarian Communist Party
- Communist Party of China
- Communist Party of Czechoslovakia
- Communist Party of Cuba
- Communist Party of Kampuchea
- Communist Party of the Soviet Union
- Communist Party of Vietnam
- Democratic Constitutional Rally
- FET y de las JONS
- Gabonese Democratic Party
- Imperial Rule Assistance Association
- Kenya African National Union
- Kuomintang (Before democratization)
- Lao People's Revolutionary Party
- League of Communists of Yugoslavia
- Mongolian People's Party
- MPLA
- National Fascist Party of Italy
- National Progressive Front of Iraq
- National Revolutionary Movement for Development
- National Socialist German Worker's Party
- National Union
- Polisario Front
- Rastakhiz Party
- Romanian Communist Party
- Socialist Unity Party of Germany
- Worker's Party of Korea
Parties of dominant-party systems
- African National Congress
- Amanat
- Bangladesh Awami League
- Bharatiya Janata Party
- Botswana Democratic Party
- Cambodian People's Party
- Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro (Until 2023)
- Fatah (West Bank)
- Fianna Fáil (1932-2011)
- FIDESZ
- General People's Congress
- Georgian Dream
- Indian National Congress (Until 2014)
- Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle
- Institutional Revolutionary Party of Mexico
- Justice and Development Party
- Justicialist Party (Until 2023)
- Hamas (Gaza Strip)
- Kurdistan Democratic Party
- Law and Justice Party
- Liberal Democratic Party of Japan
- National Democratic Party
- National Liberation Front (Until 2019)
- National Party
- National Renewal Alliance
- Rwandan Patriotic Front
- National Resistance Movement
- New Azerbaijan Party
- People's Action Party of Singapore
- Rhodesian Front
- Sandinista National Liberation Front
- Serbian Progressive Party
- Slovenian Democratic Party
- United Malays National Organisation (Until 2018)
- United Russia
- United Socialist Party of Venezuela
- Uzbekistan Liberal Democratic Party
Parties of two-party/codominant-party systems
- Conservative Party & Labour Party
- Democratic Party & Republican Party
- Liberal Party of Canada & Conservative Party of Canada
- Australian Labor Party & Liberal-National Coalition
- Labour Party & National Party
- People Power Party & Democratic Party of Korea
- Democratic Progressive Party & Kuomintang
- Spanish Socialist Workers' Party & People's Party
- Colombian Conservative Party & Colombian Liberal Party (1958-2002)
- Concertación & Alianza (1989-2017)
- Barisan Nasional & Pakatan Rakyat (2008-2018)