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*[[File:Totdem.png]] [[Illiberal Democracy|Totalitarian Democracy]] (Accused)
*[[File:Totdem.png]] [[Illiberal Democracy|Totalitarian Democracy]] (Accused)
*[[File:Spinoza.png]] Spinozism
*[[File:Spinoza.png]] Spinozism
*[[File:Utsoc.png]] [[Utopian Socialism]] *[[File:Psychopathy.png]] ''Madness''
*[[File:Utsoc.png]] [[Utopian Socialism]]
*[[File:Psychopathy.png]] ''Madness''
}}
}}
[[File:Sadist.png]] '''Sadism''' {{Collapse|
[[File:Sadist.png]] '''Sadism''' {{Collapse|
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And, for last, at the start of the 20th century, they had a child with [[File:Austrobert.png]] [[Austrian School]], [[File:NeoEnl.png]] [[Neo-Enlightenment]].
And, for last, at the start of the 20th century, they had a child with [[File:Austrobert.png]] [[Austrian School]], [[File:NeoEnl.png]] [[Neo-Enlightenment]].


== History==
==History==


==Variants==
==Variants==
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WIP
WIP


===[[File:Descartes.png]] Cartesianism ===
===[[File:Descartes.png]] Cartesianism===
WIP
WIP


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*[[File:Clib.png]] [[Classical Liberalism]] - My rightist son.
*[[File:Clib.png]] [[Classical Liberalism]] - My rightist son.
*[[File:Jack.png]] [[Jacobinism]] - My leftist son.
*[[File:Jack.png]] [[Jacobinism]] - My leftist son.
* [[File:Republicanismpix.png]] [[Republicanism]] - My centrist son. Good job defeating and replacing [[File:Abmon.png]] [[Absolute Monarchism|him]]!
*[[File:Republicanismpix.png]] [[Republicanism]] - My centrist son. Good job defeating and replacing [[File:Abmon.png]] [[Absolute Monarchism|him]]!
*[[File:Enlightmon.png]] [[Enlightened Absolutism]] - My monarchist son, and the only monarchy worth a damn.
*[[File:Enlightmon.png]] [[Enlightened Absolutism]] - My monarchist son, and the only monarchy worth a damn.
*[[File:Cap.png]] [[Capitalism]] - My rightist grandson.
*[[File:Cap.png]] [[Capitalism]] - My rightist grandson.
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*[[File:Kemal.png]] [[Kemalism]] - My Middle Eastern great-grandson.
*[[File:Kemal.png]] [[Kemalism]] - My Middle Eastern great-grandson.
*[[File:Nation.png]] [[Nationalism]] - Long live the national fraternity!
*[[File:Nation.png]] [[Nationalism]] - Long live the national fraternity!
* [[File:Prog-u.png]] [[Progressivism]] - I like that you advocate for social progress just like I did back in my day.
*[[File:Prog-u.png]] [[Progressivism]] - I like that you advocate for social progress just like I did back in my day.
*[[File:Radcent.png]] [[Radical Centrism]] - The fact that you're an avid fan of [[File:Radlib.png]] him give me very good vibes about you.
*[[File:Radcent.png]] [[Radical Centrism]] - The fact that you're an avid fan of [[File:Radlib.png]] him give me very good vibes about you.


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*[[File:NeoEnl.png]] [[Neo-Enlightenment]] - Listen, I like your dedication to my values and ideas but stop acting like you're the same as me.
*[[File:NeoEnl.png]] [[Neo-Enlightenment]] - Listen, I like your dedication to my values and ideas but stop acting like you're the same as me.
*[[File:Ultraprogressivism.png]] [[Revolutionary Progressivism]] - Calm down a little buddy.
*[[File:Ultraprogressivism.png]] [[Revolutionary Progressivism]] - Calm down a little buddy.
* [[File:Illum.png]] [[Illuminatism]] - Goddamn oligarch totalitarian, you're everything we set out to destroy. <s> What do you mean I influenced you?</s>
*[[File:Illum.png]] [[Illuminatism]] - Goddamn oligarch totalitarian, you're everything we set out to destroy. <s> What do you mean I influenced you?</s>
*[[File:Statlib.png]] [[State Liberalism]] - ...what the hell ARE you?! Progress is good but you're even more insane than [[File:Ultraprogressivism.png]] him and that's saying something.
*[[File:Statlib.png]] [[State Liberalism]] - ...what the hell ARE you?! Progress is good but you're even more insane than [[File:Ultraprogressivism.png]] him and that's saying something.
*[[File:Trad.png]] [[Traditionalism]] - You aren't that bad but you have to embrace more empiricism and rationalism instead of past dogmatism.
*[[File:Trad.png]] [[Traditionalism]] - You aren't that bad but you have to embrace more empiricism and rationalism instead of past dogmatism.
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*[[File:BlackHundred.png]] [[Black Hundredism]] - Another one bites the dust! <s>[[File:Euras.png]] Oh wait again...</s>
*[[File:BlackHundred.png]] [[Black Hundredism]] - Another one bites the dust! <s>[[File:Euras.png]] Oh wait again...</s>
*[[File:Heart-Integralism.png]] [[Integralism]] - Get real, dude, your time is over.
*[[File:Heart-Integralism.png]] [[Integralism]] - Get real, dude, your time is over.
**[[File:Heart-Integralism.png]] [[File:LBubble.png]] Every day the society of today gets worse for the average man, the closer you are to death. Cease peddling false light.[[File:RBubble.png]]
**[[File:Heart-Integralism.png]] [[File:LBubble.png]] Every day the society of today gets worse for the average man, the closer you are to death. Cease peddling false light.[[File:RBubble.png]]
*[[File:Ilminism.png]] [[Ilminism]] - Illuminism, not Ilminism!
*[[File:Ilminism.png]] [[Ilminism]] - Illuminism, not Ilminism!
** [[File:Ilminism.png]] [[File:LBubble.png]]Hey, it's not my fault that my name is Ilminism in English![[File:RBubble.png]]
**[[File:Ilminism.png]] [[File:LBubble.png]]Hey, it's not my fault that my name is Ilminism in English![[File:RBubble.png]]


==Further Information==
==Further Information==
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*Maxims by François de La Rochefoucauld (1662)
*Maxims by François de La Rochefoucauld (1662)


*Pensees by Blaise Pascal (1670)
*Pensees by Blaise Pascal (1670)


* [https://earlymoderntexts.com/assets/pdfs/spinoza1669.pdf Theological-Political Treatise] by [[File:Spinoza.png]] [[Secularism|Benedict De Spinoza]] (1670)
*[https://earlymoderntexts.com/assets/pdfs/spinoza1669.pdf Theological-Political Treatise] by [[File:Spinoza.png]] [[Secularism|Benedict De Spinoza]] (1670)


* [https://earlymoderntexts.com/assets/pdfs/spinoza1665.pdf Ethics] by [[File:Spinoza.png]] [[Secularism|Benedict De Spinoza]] (1677)
*[https://earlymoderntexts.com/assets/pdfs/spinoza1665.pdf Ethics] by [[File:Spinoza.png]] [[Secularism|Benedict De Spinoza]] (1677)


*[https://earlymoderntexts.com/assets/pdfs/locke1689b.pdf A Letter Concerning Toleration] by [[File:JohnLocke.png]] [[Classical Liberalism|John Locke]] (1689)
*[https://earlymoderntexts.com/assets/pdfs/locke1689b.pdf A Letter Concerning Toleration] by [[File:JohnLocke.png]] [[Classical Liberalism|John Locke]] (1689)


* Two Treatises of Government by [[File:JohnLocke.png]] [[Classical Liberalism|John Locke]] (1690)
*Two Treatises of Government by [[File:JohnLocke.png]] [[Classical Liberalism|John Locke]] (1690)


*[https://earlymoderntexts.com/authors/locke An Essay Concerning Human Understanding] by [[File:JohnLocke.png]] [[Classical Liberalism|John Locke]] (1690)
*[https://earlymoderntexts.com/authors/locke An Essay Concerning Human Understanding] by [[File:JohnLocke.png]] [[Classical Liberalism|John Locke]] (1690)
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*Discourses Concerning Government by Algernon Sidney (1698)
*Discourses Concerning Government by Algernon Sidney (1698)


*The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public Benefits by Bernard Mandeville (1714)
*The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public Benefits by Bernard Mandeville (1714)


* Philosophical Selections by Nicolas Malebranche (1715)
*Philosophical Selections by Nicolas Malebranche (1715)


*Cato's Letters by John Trenchard and Thomas Gordon (1720)
*Cato's Letters by John Trenchard and Thomas Gordon (1720)
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*The New Science by Giambattista Vico (1725)
*The New Science by Giambattista Vico (1725)


*An Inquiry into the Original of Our Ideas of Beauty and Virtue by Francis Hutcheson (1725)
*An Inquiry into the Original of Our Ideas of Beauty and Virtue by Francis Hutcheson (1725)


*An Essay on the Nature and Conduct of the Passions and Affections, with Illustrations on the Moral Sense by Francis Hutcheson (1728)
*An Essay on the Nature and Conduct of the Passions and Affections, with Illustrations on the Moral Sense by Francis Hutcheson (1728)


*A Modest Proposal and Other Writings by [[File:RightSatirism.png]] [[Satirism|Jonathan Swift]] (1729)
* A Modest Proposal and Other Writings by [[File:RightSatirism.png]] [[Satirism|Jonathan Swift]] (1729)


*Letters Concerning the English by [[File:Enlightmon.png]] [[Enlightened Absolutism|Voltaire]] (1734)
*Letters Concerning the English by [[File:Enlightmon.png]] [[Enlightened Absolutism|Voltaire]] (1734)


*[https://earlymoderntexts.com/authors/hume A Treatise of Human Nature] by [[File:DavidHume.png]] [[Conservative Liberalism|David Hume]] (1740)
*[https://earlymoderntexts.com/authors/hume A Treatise of Human Nature] by [[File:DavidHume.png]] [[Conservative Liberalism|David Hume]] (1740)


*Machine Man and Other Writings by Julien Offray de La Mettrie (1747)
*Machine Man and Other Writings by Julien Offray de La Mettrie (1747)
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*The Law of Nations Treated According to the Scientific Method by Christian Wolff (1754)
*The Law of Nations Treated According to the Scientific Method by Christian Wolff (1754)


*A System of Moral Philosophy by Francis Hutcheson (1755)
* A System of Moral Philosophy by Francis Hutcheson (1755)


* An Essay on Economic Theory: Essay on the Nature of Trade in General by Richard Cantillon (1755)
*An Essay on Economic Theory: Essay on the Nature of Trade in General by Richard Cantillon (1755)


*A Review of the Principal Questions in Morals by Richard Price (1758)
* A Review of the Principal Questions in Morals by Richard Price (1758)


*De L'esprit, Or, Essays On the Mind, and Its Several Faculties by Claude Adrien Helvétius (1758)
*De L'esprit, Or, Essays On the Mind, and Its Several Faculties by Claude Adrien Helvétius (1758)
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*Christianity Unveiled by Baron d'Holbach (1761)
*Christianity Unveiled by Baron d'Holbach (1761)


*Emile; or On Education by [[File:Rousseau.png]] [[Classical Liberalism|Jean-Jacques Rousseau]] (1762)
*Emile; or On Education by [[File:Rousseau.png]] [[Classical Liberalism|Jean-Jacques Rousseau]] (1762)


* The Basic Political Writings by [[File:Rousseau.png]] [[Classical Liberalism|Jean-Jacques Rousseau]] (1750-1762)
*The Basic Political Writings by [[File:Rousseau.png]] [[Classical Liberalism|Jean-Jacques Rousseau]] (1750-1762)


*Reveries of the Solitary Walker by [[File:Rousseau.png]] [[Classical Liberalism|Jean-Jacques Rousseau]] (1782)
*Reveries of the Solitary Walker by [[File:Rousseau.png]] [[Classical Liberalism|Jean-Jacques Rousseau]] (1782)
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*On Crimes and Punishments by Cesare Beccaria (1764)
*On Crimes and Punishments by Cesare Beccaria (1764)


*On Natural Rights by [[File:Physiocracypix.png]] [[Physiocracy|Francois Quesnay]] (1765)
*On Natural Rights by [[File:Physiocracypix.png]] [[Physiocracy|Francois Quesnay]] (1765)


*An Essay on the History of Civil Society by Adam Ferguson (1767)
*An Essay on the History of Civil Society by Adam Ferguson (1767)
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*Common Sense by [[File:Radlib.png]] [[Radicalism|Thomas Paine]] (1776)
*Common Sense by [[File:Radlib.png]] [[Radicalism|Thomas Paine]] (1776)


*Commerce and Government: Considered in Their Mutual Relationship by Étienne Bonnot de Condillac (1776)
*Commerce and Government: Considered in Their Mutual Relationship by Étienne Bonnot de Condillac (1776)


*[https://earlymoderntexts.com/authors/smith An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations] by [[File:AdamSmith.png]] [[Classical Liberalism|Adam Smith]] (1776)
*[https://earlymoderntexts.com/authors/smith An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations] by [[File:AdamSmith.png]] [[Classical Liberalism|Adam Smith]] (1776)
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*[https://earlymoderntexts.com/assets/pdfs/hume1779.pdf Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion] by [[File:DavidHume.png]] [[Conservative Liberalism|David Hume]] (1779)
*[https://earlymoderntexts.com/assets/pdfs/hume1779.pdf Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion] by [[File:DavidHume.png]] [[Conservative Liberalism|David Hume]] (1779)


*A Treatise Concerning Civil Government by Josiah Tucker (1781)
* A Treatise Concerning Civil Government by Josiah Tucker (1781)


*Dangerous Liaisons by Pierre Choderlos De Laclos (1782)
*Dangerous Liaisons by Pierre Choderlos De Laclos (1782)


* Political Writings by Denis Diderot (1784)
*Political Writings by Denis Diderot (1784)


*Dialogue Between A Priest And A Dying Man by [[File:Sadist.png]] [[Anarcho-Nihilism|Marquis de Sade]] (1782)
*Dialogue Between A Priest And A Dying Man by [[File:Sadist.png]] [[Anarcho-Nihilism|Marquis de Sade]] (1782)
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*Justine, or the Misfortunes of Virtue by [[File:Sadist.png]] [[Anarcho-Nihilism|Marquis de Sade]] (1788)
*Justine, or the Misfortunes of Virtue by [[File:Sadist.png]] [[Anarcho-Nihilism|Marquis de Sade]] (1788)


*Philosophy in the Bedroom by [[File:Sadist.png]] [[Anarcho-Nihilism|Marquis de Sade]] (1795)
*Philosophy in the Bedroom by [[File:Sadist.png]] [[Anarcho-Nihilism|Marquis de Sade]] (1795)


*Juliette by [[File:Sadist.png]] [[Anarcho-Nihilism|Marquis de Sade]] (1799)
*Juliette by [[File:Sadist.png]] [[Anarcho-Nihilism|Marquis de Sade]] (1799)


*The Limits of State Action by [[File:Clib.png]] [[Classical Liberalism|Wilhelm von Humboldt]] (1790)
*The Limits of State Action by [[File:Clib.png]] [[Classical Liberalism|Wilhelm von Humboldt]] (1790)


*[https://earlymoderntexts.com/assets/pdfs/burke1790.pdf Reflections on the Revolution in France] by [[File:Burke.png]] [[Conservative Liberalism|Edmund Burke]] (1790)
*[https://earlymoderntexts.com/assets/pdfs/burke1790.pdf Reflections on the Revolution in France] by [[File:Burke.png]] [[Conservative Liberalism|Edmund Burke]] (1790)
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*Condorcet: Political Writings by Nicolas de Condorcet (1788-1794)
*Condorcet: Political Writings by Nicolas de Condorcet (1788-1794)


*Answering the Question: What Is Enlightenment? by [[File:Kant.png]] [[Republicanism|Immanuel Kant]] (1784)
*Answering the Question: What Is Enlightenment? by [[File:Kant.png]] [[Republicanism|Immanuel Kant]] (1784)


*Logic by Immanuel Kant and Gottlob Benjamin Jäsche (1800)
*Logic by Immanuel Kant and Gottlob Benjamin Jäsche (1800)
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*Critique of Practical Reason by [[File:Kant.png]] [[Republicanism|Immanuel Kant]] (1788)
*Critique of Practical Reason by [[File:Kant.png]] [[Republicanism|Immanuel Kant]] (1788)


*Critique of Judgment by [[File:Kant.png]] [[Republicanism|Immanuel Kant]] (1790)
*Critique of Judgment by [[File:Kant.png]] [[Republicanism|Immanuel Kant]] (1790)


* [https://earlymoderntexts.com/assets/pdfs/kant1793.pdf Religion within the Bounds of Bare Reason] by [[File:Kant.png]] [[Republicanism|Immanuel Kant]] (1793)
*[https://earlymoderntexts.com/assets/pdfs/kant1793.pdf Religion within the Bounds of Bare Reason] by [[File:Kant.png]] [[Republicanism|Immanuel Kant]] (1793)


*[https://earlymoderntexts.com/assets/pdfs/kant1795.pdf To Perpetual Peace: A Philosophical Sketch] by [[File:Kant.png]] [[Republicanism|Immanuel Kant]] (1795)
*[https://earlymoderntexts.com/assets/pdfs/kant1795.pdf To Perpetual Peace: A Philosophical Sketch] by [[File:Kant.png]] [[Republicanism|Immanuel Kant]] (1795)


*Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals by [[File:Kant.png]] [[Republicanism|Immanuel Kant]] (1797)
*Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals by [[File:Kant.png]] [[Republicanism|Immanuel Kant]] (1797)


* Anthropology from a Pragmatic Point of View by [[File:Kant.png]] [[Republicanism|Immanuel Kant]] (1798)
*Anthropology from a Pragmatic Point of View by [[File:Kant.png]] [[Republicanism|Immanuel Kant]] (1798)


* Lectures and Drafts on Political Philosophy by [[File:Kant.png]] [[Republicanism|Immanuel Kant]] (1799)
*Lectures and Drafts on Political Philosophy by [[File:Kant.png]] [[Republicanism|Immanuel Kant]] (1799)


*Opus Postumum by [[File:Kant.png]] [[Republicanism|Immanuel Kant]] (1804)
*Opus Postumum by [[File:Kant.png]] [[Republicanism|Immanuel Kant]] (1804)


*Kant’s Critical Philosophy: The Doctrine of the Faculties by Gilles Deleuze (1967)
*Kant’s Critical Philosophy: The Doctrine of the Faculties by Gilles Deleuze (1967)


* Kant and Political Philosophy: The Contemporary Legacy by Ronald Beiner and William James Booth (1993)
*Kant and Political Philosophy: The Contemporary Legacy by Ronald Beiner and William James Booth (1993)


*Encyclopedia of the Enlightenment by Alan Charles Kors (1815)
*Encyclopedia of the Enlightenment by Alan Charles Kors (1815)

Revision as of 04:11, 29 September 2023

"The public use of a man's reason must be free at all times, and this alone can bring enlightenment among men..."

The Enlightenment was born some time in the late 17th century and is the ancestor of many, many ideologies. They are a broad ideology used to represent ideas of the Age of Enlightenment. Although their biggest contribution to the world was to give birth to Republicanism and Classical Liberalism, they also caused the separation of church and state and went against tyranny. Their ideas promoted individual liberty, progress, fraternity, and tolerance.

Enlightenment parented Classical Liberalism in the early 18th century, as the concept of the invisible hand and free-market ideas were created. Classical Liberalism was then the parent of most free-market ideologies.

Enlightenment also gave birth to the modern republican ideals who led to the creation of the Society of the Friends of the Constitution, from which originated Jacobinism, the predominant political force in the French revolution. Jacobinism later would form the basic blocks of Socialism.

Ingsoc, at some point, travelled back in time and had a child with Enlightenment. This created Illuminatism.

They also had a child with Agrarianism called Physiocracy, who would in turn become the parent of Georgism.

And, for last, at the start of the 20th century, they had a child with Austrian School, Neo-Enlightenment.

History

Variants

Kantianism

WIP

Cartesianism

WIP

Denis Diderot Thought

WIP

Hegelianism

WIP

Montesquieu Thought

WIP

Rousseauism

WIP

Sadism

WIP

Spinozism

WIP

Voltairianism

WIP

James Harrington Thought

WIP

Louvertureanism

WIP

Radishchevism

WIP

Yun Chi-ho Thought

WIP

Personality and Behaviour

Enlightenment within the comics is usually portrayed as a stereotypical enlightened thinker.

How to Draw

An Enlightenment wig is an encouraged accessory

Candle Design

Flag of Enlightenment Thought (Candle design)
  1. Draw a ball with eyes
  2. Draw a candle handle
  3. Draw a candle which is glowing on the handle

And you're done

Color Name HEX RGB
White #FFFFFF 255, 255, 255
Yellow #FFF200 255, 242, 0
Red #ED131F 237, 19, 31
Black #141414 20, 20, 20
Grey #5A5A5A 90, 90, 90
Light Grey #C4C4C4 196, 196, 196


Relationships

Illuminated

Gray Area

  • Neo-Enlightenment - Listen, I like your dedication to my values and ideas but stop acting like you're the same as me.
  • Revolutionary Progressivism - Calm down a little buddy.
  • Illuminatism - Goddamn oligarch totalitarian, you're everything we set out to destroy. What do you mean I influenced you?
  • State Liberalism - ...what the hell ARE you?! Progress is good but you're even more insane than him and that's saying something.
  • Traditionalism - You aren't that bad but you have to embrace more empiricism and rationalism instead of past dogmatism.
  • Conservatism - You need to stick less to tradition.
  • Classical Conservatism - Father of above, an old rival but you're more tolerable and reasonable than compared other anti-illuminists especially nowadays .
  • Paleoconservatism - American version of above, we both like the foundation of his country but he sometimes can become a reactard lolcow.
  • National Conservatism - I like that you embrace people's sovereignty and nation-state but you need to calm down sometimes.
  • Reactionary Liberalism, Reactionary Libertarianism, Hoppeanism & Korwinism - WTFkkkkkkkkkkkkkk? Unless I can still work with them, plus Thermidorians are good.
  • Neoreactionaryism - I don't know what to think of you. You call yourself a reactionary, but you still support my children .
  • Feuillantism - Nice try but too tame and slavery is horrible.
  • Posadism - Destroying all old things with explosives around the globe for better future? Well... Good luck with that.

Left in the dark

  • Counter-Enlightenment - OW, you darkness, you dark, midnight, evil motherf***er, OW, dark ages, darkness! You're all darkness, you're f***ing delirious motherf***er, OW!
  • Reactionaryism - You're not getting rid of my ideas that easily.
  • Reactionary Modernism - WHAT, NO! WHY! Nooooo technology and reactionary thought are incompatible!!! You also need to see the light in a literal way.
  • Feudalism - Lol feudalism is no more.
  • Mercantilism - Same for you except for your modern version which is my great-great-grandson?
  • Absolute Monarchism - One of my biggest enemies.
  • Frankfurt School - Oh come on! I am not a totalitarian!
  • Carlism - Bites the dust! Oh wait...
  • Black Hundredism - Another one bites the dust! Oh wait again...
  • Integralism - Get real, dude, your time is over.
    • Every day the society of today gets worse for the average man, the closer you are to death. Cease peddling false light.
  • Ilminism - Illuminism, not Ilminism!
    • Hey, it's not my fault that my name is Ilminism in English!

Further Information

Wikipedia

Literature

  • Pierre Gassendi and the Birth of Early Modern Philosophy by Pierre Gassendi (1655)
  • Maxims by François de La Rochefoucauld (1662)
  • Pensees by Blaise Pascal (1670)
  • Some Considerations of the Consequences of the Lowering of Interest and the Raising the Value of Money by John Locke (1691)
  • Discourses Concerning Government by Algernon Sidney (1698)
  • The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public Benefits by Bernard Mandeville (1714)
  • Philosophical Selections by Nicolas Malebranche (1715)
  • Cato's Letters by John Trenchard and Thomas Gordon (1720)
  • The New Science by Giambattista Vico (1725)
  • An Inquiry into the Original of Our Ideas of Beauty and Virtue by Francis Hutcheson (1725)
  • An Essay on the Nature and Conduct of the Passions and Affections, with Illustrations on the Moral Sense by Francis Hutcheson (1728)
  • Letters Concerning the English by Voltaire (1734)
  • Machine Man and Other Writings by Julien Offray de La Mettrie (1747)
  • The Spirit of the Laws by Baron de Montesquieu (1748)
  • The Law of Nations Treated According to the Scientific Method by Christian Wolff (1754)
  • A System of Moral Philosophy by Francis Hutcheson (1755)
  • An Essay on Economic Theory: Essay on the Nature of Trade in General by Richard Cantillon (1755)
  • A Review of the Principal Questions in Morals by Richard Price (1758)
  • De L'esprit, Or, Essays On the Mind, and Its Several Faculties by Claude Adrien Helvétius (1758)
  • Essays: Moral, Political and Literary by David Hume (1758)
  • Christianity Unveiled by Baron d'Holbach (1761)
  • Lectures on Justice, Police, Revenue and Arms by Adam Smith (1763)
  • Classical Republican in Eighteenth-Century France by Gabriel Bonnot de Mably (1763)
  • Philosophical Dictionary by Voltaire (1764)
  • On Crimes and Punishments by Cesare Beccaria (1764)
  • An Essay on the History of Civil Society by Adam Ferguson (1767)
  • An Essay on the First Principles of Government, and on the Nature of Political, Civil, and Religious Liberty by Joseph Priestley (1768)
  • The Sacred Contagion: The Natural History of Superstition by Baron d'Holbach (1768)
  • System of Nature by Baron d'Holbach (1770)
  • Good Sense Without God: The Revolutionary Treatise on Free Thought by Baron d'Holbach (1772)
  • Encyclopedic Liberty by Denis Diderot, Henry C. Clark, and Jean le Rond d'Alembert (1751-1772)
  • Commerce and Government: Considered in Their Mutual Relationship by Étienne Bonnot de Condillac (1776)
  • A Treatise Concerning Civil Government by Josiah Tucker (1781)
  • Dangerous Liaisons by Pierre Choderlos De Laclos (1782)
  • Political Writings by Denis Diderot (1784)
  • Aline and Valcour, Vol. 1: or, the Philosophical Novel by Marquis de Sade (1788)
  • Aline and Valcour, Vol. 2: or, the Philosophical Novel by Marquis de Sade (1788)
  • Aline and Valcour, Vol. 3: or, the Philosophical Novel by Marquis de Sade (1788)
  • Mary Wollstonecraft Philosophical and Political Writings Collection by Mary Wollstonecraft (1797)
  • Condorcet: Political Writings by Nicolas de Condorcet (1788-1794)
  • Answering the Question: What Is Enlightenment? by Immanuel Kant (1784)
  • Logic by Immanuel Kant and Gottlob Benjamin Jäsche (1800)
  • Observations on the Feeling of the Beautiful and Sublime and Other Writings by Immanuel Kant (1764)
  • Anthropology from a Pragmatic Point of View by Immanuel Kant (1798)
  • Lectures and Drafts on Political Philosophy by Immanuel Kant (1799)
  • Kant’s Critical Philosophy: The Doctrine of the Faculties by Gilles Deleuze (1967)
  • Kant and Political Philosophy: The Contemporary Legacy by Ronald Beiner and William James Booth (1993)
  • Encyclopedia of the Enlightenment by Alan Charles Kors (1815)

Gallery


  1. ↑ Around the time Sade left prison, all titles of nobility were abolished.
  2. ↑ Depending on how you interpret Sade, his philosophy and majoritarian authoritarian tendencies would justify corruption. In his work Juliette, the titular character tries to depopulate France, with the help of powerful individuals she befriends, through an intentional famine. She represents Sade's hedonistic egoism.
  3. ↑ Marquis de Sade can be interpreted as an anarchist or as a majoritarian authoritarian, depending on how one reads his works. Camille Paglia, for example, sees Sade as a totalitarian, who felt that the strong have the right to dominate the weak (she compares his outlook to Nietzsche's superman); yet he was also a Jacobin, representing the far-left of the revolutionary government, who felt that the kind of society they were aiming for would promote a libertine existence for all.

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